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Aims. We derive physical properties such as the optical depths and the column densities of $^{13}$CO and C$^{18}$O to investigate the relationship between the far ultraviolet (FUV) radiation and the abundance ratios between $^{13}$CO and…

We used the KOSMA 3m telescope to map the core 7'x5' of the Galactic massive star forming region W3Main in the two fine structure lines of atomic carbon and four mid-J transitions of CO and 13CO. The maps are centered on the luminous…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 C. Kramer , H. Jakob , B. Mookerjea , N. Schneider , M. Bruell , J. Stutzki

Aims: We aim at deriving the excitation conditions of the interstellar gas as well as the local FUV intensities in the molecular cloud surrounding NGC 3603 to get a coherent picture of how the gas is energized by the central stars. Methods:…

An estimate of the degree of CO-depletion ($f_D$) provides information on the physical conditions occurring in the innermost and densest regions of molecular clouds. A key parameter in these studies is the size of the depletion radius, i.e.…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-06-02 G. Sabatini , A. Giannetti , S. Bovino , J. Brand , S. Leurini , E. Schisano , T. Pillai , K. M. Menten

We present the results of C18O(J=1-0) mapping observations of a 20'x18' area in the Lynds 1204 molecular cloud associated with the Sharpless 2-140 (S140) H II region. The C18O cube (alpha-delta-vLSR) data shows that there are three clumps…

太阳与恒星天体物理 · 物理学 2015-05-27 Norio Ikeda , Yoshimi Kitamura

We study ten molecular transitions obtained from an unbiased 3 mm molecular line survey using the IRAM 30 m telescope toward 409 compact dust clumps identified by the APEX Telescope Large Area Survey of the Galaxy (ATLASGAL) to understand…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-01-04 W. -J. Kim , F. Wyrowski , J. S. Urquhart , J. P. Pérez-Beaupuits , T. Pillai , M. Tiwari , K. M. Menten

We present results of a multi-line study of the filamentary infrared dark cloud G351.78-0.54 in the 1.3 and 0.8 mm wavelength bands. The lines of the three isotopologues of carbon monoxide CO, N$_2$H$^+$, CH$_3$CCH and HNCO were observed.…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2021-05-10 O. L. Ryabukhina , I. I. Zinchenko

Infrared stellar photometry from 2MASS and spectral line imaging observations of 12CO and 13CO J = 1-0 line emission from the FCRAO 14m telescope are analysed to assess the variation of the CO abundance with physical conditions throughout…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-15 F. Ripple , M. H. Heyer , R. Gutermuth , R. L. Snell , C. M. Brunt

Infrared-dark high-mass clumps are among the most promising objects to study the initial conditions of the formation process of high-mass stars and rich stellar clusters. In this work, we have observed the (3-2) rotational transition of…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 F. Fontani , A. Giannetti , M. T. Beltran , R. Dodson , M. Rioja , J. Brand , P. Caselli , R. Cesaroni

We study the core mass function (CMF) within 32 dense clumps in seven infrared dark clouds (IRDCs) with the Atacama Large Millimeter/submillimeter Array (ALMA) via 1.3~mm continuum emission at a resolution of $\sim$1". We have identified…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2018-08-08 Mengyao Liu , Jonathan C. Tan , Yu Cheng , Shuo Kong

We present ALMA observations of the continuum and line emission of $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, C$^{18}$O, and [C I] for a portion of the G287.38-0.62 (Car 1-E) region in the Carina star-forming complex. The new data record how a molecular cloud…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2022-11-30 Patrick Hartigan , Maxwell Hummel , Andrea Isella , Turlough Downes

Methods: We used the dual-band receiver GREAT on board the SOFIA airborne telescope to perform observations of the [C II] 158 {\mu}m fine-structure line at the postitions of two giant molecular clouds (GMC) in the center of IC 342 (GMCs C…

宇宙学与河外天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 M. Röllig , R. Simon , R. Güsten , J. Stutzki , H. W. Hübers , P. Hartogh , K. Jacobs , X. Guan , F. Israel

Star formation at earlier cosmological times takes place in an interstellar medium with low metallicity. The Large Magellanic Cloud (LMC) is ideally suited to study star formation in such an environment. The physical and chemical state of…

We present a study of small carbon chains and rings in Photon Dominated Regions (PDRs) performed at millimetre wavelengths. Our sample consists of the Horsehead nebula (B33), the rho,Oph L1688 cloud interface, and the cometary-shaped cloud…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2009-11-10 D. Teyssier , D. Fosse , M. Gerin , J. Pety , A. Abergel , E. Roueff

We use the COMPLETE Survey's observations of the Perseus star-forming region to assess and intercompare three methods for measuring column density in molecular clouds: extinction mapping (NIR); thermal emission mapping (FIR); and mapping…

天体物理学 · 物理学 2011-02-11 Alyssa A. Goodman , Jaime E. Pineda , Scott L. Schnee

We compare the observational properties between $^{12}$CO, $^{13}$CO, and C$^{18}$O and summarize the observational parameters based on 7069 clouds sample from the Milky Way Imaging Scroll Painting (MWISP) CO survey in a section of the…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2023-08-22 Chen Wang , Haoran Feng , Ji Yang , Xuepeng Chen , Yang Su , Qing-Zeng Yan , Fujun Du , Yuehui Ma , Jiajun Cai

We model Carbon Recombination Line (CRL) emission from the Photo Dissociation Region (PDR) surrounding the Ultra-Compact (UC) HII region W48A. Our modelling shows that the inner regions ($A_V \sim 1$) of the CII layer in the PDR contribute…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-16 S. Jeyakumar , D. Anish Roshi

The aim of this study is to better understand the physical and chemical properties of the filamentary IRDC G304.74+01.32. In particular, we aim to investigate the kinematics and dynamical state of the cloud and clumps within it, and the…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2015-06-04 Oskari Miettinen

Using the Large Millimeter Telescope and the SEQUOIA 3~mm focal plane array, we have searched for molecular line emission from two atomic clouds associated with the Fermi Bubble of the Milky Way. Neither 12CO nor 13CO J=1-0 emission is…

星系天体物理 · 物理学 2025-03-12 M. Heyer , E. Di Teodoro , L. Loinard , F. J. Lockman , N. M. McClure-Griffiths , Q. D. Wang

We present high-resolution spectroscopy and images of a photodissociation region (PDR) in M16 obtained during commissioning of NIRSPEC on the Keck II telescope. PDRs play a significant role in regulating star formation, and M16 offers the…