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We fit 12 independent surface temperature time series (zones of latitude), 6 land- and 6 ocean-based, with a Gaussian (centered around WW2) on a quadratic background. The four polar zones are unusable. Each of the remaining 8 shows evidence…
We review recent results on the appearance of long-term persistence in climatic records and their relevance for the evaluation of global climate models and rare events.The persistence can be characterized, for example, by the correlation…
Most young neutron stars belonging to the class of Central Compact Objects in supernova remnants (CCOs) do not have known periodicities. We investigated seven such CCOs to understand the common reasons for the absence of detected…
We compare the results from several sets of cosmological simulations of cosmic reionization, produced under Cosmic Reionization On Computers (CROC) project, with existing observational data on the high-redshift Ly-alpha forest and the…
A lack of correlations in the microwave background temperature between sky directions separated by angles larger than 60 degrees has recently been confirmed by data from the Planck satellite. This feature arises as a random occurrence…
North Pacific subsurface temperature data from the Simple Ocean Data Assimilation model at 10m, 50m, 75m, 100m and 150m depths, are analyzed using a combination of state-space decomposition and subspace identification techniques to examine…
How strong are quantitative contributions of the key natural modes of climate variability and the anthropogenic factor characterized by the changes of the radiative forcing of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere to the trends of the surface…
XMM-Newton observations of the outskirts of the Coma cluster of galaxies confirm the existence of a soft X-ray excess claimed previously and show it comes from warm thermal emission. Our data provide a robust estimate of its temperature…
The atomic-to-molecular gas conversion is a critical step in the baryon cycle of galaxies, which sets the initial conditions for subsequent star formation and influences the multi-phase interstellar medium. We compiled a sample of 94 nearby…
The potential habitability of an exoplanet is traditionally assessed by determining if its orbit falls within the circumstellar `habitable zone' of its star, defined as the distance at which water could be liquid on the surface of a planet…
We present a comprehensive atmospheric retrieval study of the hot Jupiter WASP-77A\,b using eclipse observations from the Hubble Space Telescope (HST) and JWST. Using atmospheric retrievals, the spectral features of H$_2$O, CO, and TiO are…
Cold brown dwarfs are excellent analogs of widely separated, gas giant exoplanets, and provide insight into the potential atmospheric chemistry and physics we may encounter in objects discovered by future direct imaging surveys. We present…
We present an extensive frequentist analysis of the one-point statistics (number, mean, variance, skewness and kurtosis) and two-point correlation functions determined for the local extrema of the cosmic microwave background temperature…
We report ALMA observations of the neutral atomic carbon transitions [CI] and multiple CO lines in a sample of $\sim30$ main sequence galaxies at $z\sim1$, including novel information on [CI](2-1) and CO(7-6) for 7 of such normal objects.…
New observational constraints on the cosmic matter density $\Omega_m$ and an effectively redshift-independent equation of state parameter $w_x$ of the dark energy are obtained while simultaneously testing the strong and null energy…
Air pollution is a serious issue in the world. Around 98% of cities with a population of over 100,000 people in low and middle-income countries do not meet air quality standards, while in high-income countries, the number has decreased by…
Severity of warming predicted by climate models depends on their Transient Climate Response (TCR). Inter-model spread of TCR has persisted at ~100% of its mean for decades. Existing observational constraints of TCR are based on observed…
Constraints on cosmological parameters from upcoming measurements with the Mileura Widefield Array-Low Frequency Demonstrator (MWA-LFD) of the redshifted 21 cm power spectrum are forecast assuming a flat LCDM cosmology and that the…
Clouds are the largest source of uncertainty in climate simulations. For exoplanets, cloud simulation is particularly challenging because of the lack of observational data to tune parameterized cloud models. Here we apply Community Aerosol…
Goessling et al. (1) link the record-breaking warming anomaly of 2023 to a global albedo decline due to reduced low-level cloud cover. What caused the reduction remains unclear. Goessling et al. considered several geophysical mechanisms,…