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Reed-Muller (RM) codes exhibit good performance under maximum-likelihood (ML) decoding due to their highly-symmetric structure. In this paper, we explore the question of whether the code symmetry of RM codes can also be exploited to achieve…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2018-04-30 Elia Santi , Christian Häger , Henry D. Pfister

We propose a novel construction of product codes for high-density magnetic recording based on binary low-density parity check (LDPC) codes and binary image of Reed Solomon (RS) codes. Moreover, two novel algorithms are proposed to decode…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2012-01-06 Vo Tam Van , Seiichi Mita

We establish that during the execution of any Guessing Random Additive Noise Decoding (GRAND) algorithm, an interpretable, useful measure of decoding confidence can be evaluated. This measure takes the form of a log-likelihood ratio (LLR)…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2023-08-11 Ken R. Duffy , Muriel Medard

Measuring the performance of automatic speech recognition (ASR) systems requires manually transcribed data in order to compute the word error rate (WER), which is often time-consuming and expensive. In this paper, we continue our effort in…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2020-08-11 Ahmed Ali , Steve Renals

The likelihood calculation of a vast number of particles is the computational bottleneck for the particle filter in applications where the observation information is rich. For fast computing the likelihood of particles, a numerical fitting…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2017-07-31 Tiancheng Li , Shudong Sun , Juan M. Corchado , Tariq P. Sattar , Shubin Si

This paper extends some approximation methods that are used to identify closed form Bit Error Rate (BER) expressions which are frequently utilized in investigation and comparison of performance for wireless communication systems in the…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2016-11-18 Tugcan Aktas , Ali Ozgur Yilmaz , Emre Aktas

Locally repairable codes (LRCs) were originally introduced to enable efficient recovery from erasures in distributed storage systems by accessing only a small number of other symbols. While their structural properties-such as bounds and…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2026-02-23 Hoang Ly , Emina Soljanin , Philip Whiting

We propose a general framework to compute the word error rate (WER) of ASR systems that process recordings containing multiple speakers at their input and that produce multiple output word sequences (MIMO). Such ASR systems are typically…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2023-07-24 Thilo von Neumann , Christoph Boeddeker , Keisuke Kinoshita , Marc Delcroix , Reinhold Haeb-Umbach

In this paper, Sphere Decoding (SD) algorithms for Spatial Modulation (SM) are developed to reduce the computational complexity of Maximum-Likelihood (ML) detectors. Two SDs specifically designed for SM are proposed and analysed in terms of…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2013-05-31 Abdelhamid Younis , Sinan Sinanović , Marco Di Renzo , Raed Mesleh , Harald Haas

Word error rate (WER) is a metric used to evaluate the quality of transcriptions produced by Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR) systems. In many applications, it is of interest to estimate WER given a pair of a speech utterance and a…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-04-29 Chanho Park , Mingjie Chen , Thomas Hain

A probability density function (pdf) encodes the entire stochastic knowledge about data distribution, where data may represent stochastic observations in robotics, transition state pairs in reinforcement learning or any other empirically…

机器学习 · 计算机科学 2018-09-18 Dmitry Kopitkov , Vadim Indelman

The Word Error Rate (WER) is the common measure of accuracy for Automatic Speech Recognition (ASR). Transcripts are usually pre-processed by substituting specific characters to account for non-semantic differences. As a result of this…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-09-20 Korbinian Kuhn , Verena Kersken , Gottfried Zimmermann

Motivated by a wide-spread use of convex optimization techniques, convexity properties of bit error rate of the maximum likelihood detector operating in the AWGN channel are studied for arbitrary constellations and bit mappings, which also…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2010-04-16 Sergey Loyka , Francois Gagnon , Victoria Kostina

In this paper we present a fast and efficient method to find partial weight enumerator (PWE) for binary linear block codes by using the error impulse technique and Monte Carlo method. This PWE can be used to compute an upper bound of the…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2012-12-27 Said Nouh , Bouchaib Aylaj , Mostafa Belkasmi

In addition to a proposed codeword, error correction decoders that provide blockwise soft output (SO) return an estimate of the likelihood that the decoding is correct. Following Forney, such estimates are traditionally only possible for…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2025-03-24 Jiewei Feng , Ken R. Duffy , Muriel Médard

State-level minimum Bayes risk (sMBR) training has become the de facto standard for sequence-level training of speech recognition acoustic models. It has an elegant formulation using the expectation semiring, and gives large improvements in…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2017-06-12 Matt Shannon

Recently, a new class of binary codes for overloaded CDMA systems are proposed that not only has the ability of errorless communication but also suitable for detecting active users. These codes are called COWDA [1]. In [1], a Maximum…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2010-01-26 Ali Mousavi , Pedram Pad , Farokh Marvasti

Reed-Muller codes encode an $m$-variate polynomial of degree $r$ by evaluating it on all points in $\{0,1\}^m$. We denote this code by $RM(m,r)$. The minimal distance of $RM(m,r)$ is $2^{m-r}$ and so it cannot correct more than half that…

信息论 · 计算机科学 2015-08-28 Ramprasad Saptharishi , Amir Shpilka , Ben Lee Volk

Word error rate (WER) estimation aims to evaluate the quality of an automatic speech recognition (ASR) system's output without requiring ground-truth labels. This task has gained increasing attention as advanced ASR systems are trained on…

音频与语音处理 · 电气工程与系统科学 2025-01-30 Chanho Park , Chengsong Lu , Mingjie Chen , Thomas Hain

Minimum Bayes risk (MBR) decoding is a decision rule of text generation tasks that outperforms conventional maximum a posterior (MAP) decoding using beam search by selecting high-quality outputs based on a utility function rather than those…

计算与语言 · 计算机科学 2024-10-22 Hiroyuki Deguchi , Yusuke Sakai , Hidetaka Kamigaito , Taro Watanabe