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Quantum error correction (QEC) is believed to be essential for the realization of large-scale quantum computers. However, due to the complexity of operating on the encoded `logical' qubits, understanding the physical principles for building…

Fault-tolerant quantum error correction is a necessity for any quantum architecture destined to tackle interesting, large-scale problems. Its theoretical formalism has been well founded for nearly two decades. However, we still do not have…

量子物理 · 物理学 2017-05-02 Alexandru Paler , Ilia Polian , Kae Nemoto , Simon J. Devitt

We present a method of concatenated quantum error correction in which improved classical processing is used with existing quantum codes and fault-tolerant circuits to more reliably correct errors. Rather than correcting each level of a…

量子物理 · 物理学 2012-10-26 Zachary W. E. Evans , Ashley M. Stephens

Due to the fragility of quantum mechanical effects, real quantum computers are plagued by frequent noise effects that cause errors during computations. Quantum error-correcting codes address this problem by providing means to identify and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2023-01-18 Thomas Grurl , Christoph Pichler , Jürgen Fuß , Robert Wille

Recent research has demonstrated that quantum computers can solve certain types of problems substantially faster than the known classical algorithms. These problems include factoring integers and certain physics simulations. Practical…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-10-30 Emanuel Knill , Raymond Laflamme , Wojciech H. Zurek

Error-correction codes are central for fault-tolerant information processing. Here we develop a rigorous framework to describe various coding models based on quantum resource theory of superchannels. We find, by treating codings as…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-09-17 Dong-Sheng Wang , Yuan-Dong Liu , Yun-Jiang Wang , Shunlong Luo

Fault-tolerant quantum computation allows quantum computations to be carried out while resisting unwanted noise. Several error-correcting codes have been developed to achieve this task, but none alone are capable of universal quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-04-29 Nicholas J. C. Papadopoulos , Ramin Ayanzadeh

This paper aims to determine the fault tolerant quantum filter and fault detection equation for a class of open quantum systems coupled to a laser field that is subject to stochastic faults. In order to analyze this class of open quantum…

数学物理 · 物理学 2017-06-15 Qing Gao , Daoyi Dong , Ian R. Petersen

Quantum error-correcting code (QECC) is the central ingredient in fault-tolerant quantum information processing. An emerging paradigm of dynamical QECC shows that one can robustly encode logical quantum information both temporally and…

量子物理 · 物理学 2024-05-29 Andrew Tanggara , Mile Gu , Kishor Bharti

Large-scale quantum computers promise transformative speedups, but their viability hinges on fast and reliable quantum error correction (QEC). At the center of QEC are decoders-classical algorithms running on hardware such as FPGAs, GPUs,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2026-05-19 Satvik Maurya , Abtin Molavi , Aws Albarghouthi , Swamit Tannu

Entanglement-assisted quantum error-correcting codes (EAQECCs) make use of pre-existing entanglement between the sender and receiver to boost the rate of transmission. It is possible to construct an EAQECC from any classical linear code,…

量子物理 · 物理学 2009-11-13 Min-Hsiu Hsieh , Igor Devetak , Todd Brun

In this short review, I draw attention to new developments in the theory of fault tolerance in quantum computation that may give concrete direction to future work in the development of superconducting qubit systems. The basics of quantum…

量子物理 · 物理学 2015-05-13 David P. DiVincenzo

We consider the problem of fault-tolerant quantum computation in the presence of slow error diagnostics, either caused by measurement latencies or slow decoding algorithms. Our scheme offers a few improvements over previously existing…

量子物理 · 物理学 2018-01-08 Christopher Chamberland , Pavithran Iyer , David Poulin

Usual scenarios of fault-tolerant computation are concerned with the fault-tolerant realization of quantum algorithms that compute classical functions, such as Shor's algorithm for factoring. In particular, this means that input and output…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-12-03 Matthias Christandl , Omar Fawzi , Ashutosh Goswami

Construction of a fault-tolerant quantum computer remains a challenging problem due to unavoidable noise in quantum states and the fragility of quantum entanglement. However, most of the error-correcting codes increases the complexity of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-10-28 Kumar Nilesh , Piyush Joshi , Prasanta Panigrahi

Fast, reliable logical operations are essential for realizing useful quantum computers. By redundantly encoding logical qubits into many physical qubits and using syndrome measurements to detect and correct errors, one can achieve low…

I will give an overview of what I see as some of the most important future directions in the theory of fault-tolerant quantum computation. In particular, I will give a brief summary of the major problems that need to be solved in fault…

量子物理 · 物理学 2022-10-31 Daniel Gottesman

The accelerated development of quantum technology has reached a pivotal point. Early in 2014, several results were published demonstrating that several experimental technologies are now accurate enough to satisfy the requirements of…

量子物理 · 物理学 2014-05-21 Simon J. Devitt

Quantum error correction protects fragile quantum information by encoding it into a larger quantum system. These extra degrees of freedom enable the detection and correction of errors, but also increase the operational complexity of the…

The variational principle serves as a fundamental framework for describing equilibrium states of physical systems via the minimization or extremization of an energy-like functional. While quantum algorithms have demonstrated promising…

量子物理 · 物理学 2025-08-26 Katsuhiro Endo , Kazuaki Z. Takahashi