相关论文: Logic Column 18: Alternative Logics: A Book Review

Throughout this book, we discuss some open problems in various branches of science, including mathematics, theoretical physics, astro-physics, geophysics etc. It is of our hope that some of the problems discussed in this book will find…

Intuitionistic dependence logic was introduced by Abramsky and Vaananen (2009) as a variant of dependence logic under a general construction of Hodges' (trump) team semantics. It was proven that there is a translation from intuitionistic…

This paper presents Abduction and Argumentation as two principled forms for reasoning, and fleshes out the fundamental role that they can play within Machine Learning. It reviews the state-of-the-art work over the past few decades on the…

We discuss whether science is in the process of being transformed from a quest for causality to a quest for correlation in light of the recent development in artificial intelligence. We observe that while a blind trust in the most seductive…

Reasoning is central to human intelligence. However, fallacious arguments are common, and some exacerbate problems such as spreading misinformation about climate change. In this paper, we propose the task of logical fallacy detection, and…

The complexity of emergent wicked problems, such as climate change, culminates in a reformulation of how we think about society and mobilize scientists from various disciplines to seek solutions and perspectives on the problem. From an…

In this paper, we generalize epistemic logic so that it can help reason about ways of combining common knowledge and distributed knowledge such as "common distributed knowledge", "distributed common knowledge", "distributed common…

We illustrate and emphasize the relevance of hyperbolic theories of dissipation in different physical scenarios. Particular attention is paid to self-gravitating systems where the relaxation time may become large enough as to require a…

In this essay, I argue that modern science is not the dichotomous pairing of theory and experiment that it is typically presented as, and I offer an alternative paradigm defined by its functions as a human endeavor. I also demonstrate how…

We present two logical systems based on dependent types that are comparable to ZFC, both in terms of simplicity and having natural set theoretic interpretations. Our perspective is that of a mathematician trained in classical logic, but…

The article explores new ways of written language aided by AI technologies, like GPT-2 and GPT-3. The question that is stated in the paper is not about whether these novel technologies will eventually replace authored books, but how to…

A simple proof of a key inequality required by the paper's analysis is presented. An introductory section discussing the paper's setup may be helpful to some readers. An alternative statistical analysis is suggested.

A thorough investigation of the foundations of paraconsistent logics. Relations between logical principles are formally studied, a novel notion of consistency is introduced, the logics of formal inconsistency, and the subclasses of…

The aim of this paper is to introduce a logic in which nouns and verbs are handled together as a deductive reasoning, and also to observe the relationship between nouns and verbs as well as between logics and conversations.

Although conventional logical systems based on logical calculi have been successfully used in mathematics and beyond, they have definite limitations that restrict their application in many cases. For instance, the principal condition for…

The purpose of this book is to provide an overview of AI research, ranging from basic work to interfaces and applications, with as much emphasis on results as on current issues. It is aimed at an audience of master students and Ph.D.…

Surprisingly, the question "Is there Life in the Universe outside Earth?" has been raised, in rational terms, almost only in the western literature throughout the ages. In a first part I justify this statement. Then I try to develop an…

This chapter examines the potential of generative AI in enhancing science literacy across the K-16+ grade span, including its benefits as well as the conceptual and practical challenges that doing so presents. It begins with a discussion of…

Replies are given to arguments advanced in this journal that claim to show that it is to nonlinear classical mechanics rather than quantum mechanics that one must look for the physical underpinnings of consciousness.

In 1952 P. F. Strawson proposed a logic of presuppositions. It is an interpretation of Aristotelian logic, i.e. of the logic of the traditional syllogism. In 1981 Richard Diaz published a monograph in which he presented truth-relevant…