神经元与认知
Brains can process sensory information from different modalities at astonishing speed; this is surprising as the integration of inputs through the membrane of each individual neuron already causes a delayed response. Neuronal recordings…
Spike train signals recorded from a large population of neurons often exhibit low-dimensional spatio-temporal structure and modeled as conditional Poisson observations. The low-dimensional signals that capture internal brain states are…
Use-dependent bias is a phenomenon in human sensorimotor behavior whereby movements become biased towards previously repeated actions. Despite being well-documented, the reason why this phenomenon occurs is not yet clearly understood. Here,…
Large Language Models (LLMs), such as the General Pre-trained Transformer (GPT), have shown remarkable performance in various cognitive tasks. However, it remains unclear whether these models have the ability to accurately infer human…
Understanding distinct neurological aging patterns across various populations is vital in the context of a globally aging populace. This study seeks to unravel the structural variations in the aging brain, taking into consideration…
Spiking neural networks play an important role in brain-like neuromorphic computations and in studying working mechanisms of neural circuits. One drawback of training a large scale spiking neural network is that updating all weights is…
I present a theory of schizophrenia (SZ) that mechanistically explains its etiology, symptoms, pathophysiology, and treatment. SZ involves the chronic release of membrane polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) and their utilization for the…
Migraine (MGR) ranks first among diseases in terms of years of lost healthy life in young adult and adult women. Currently, there is no theory of MGR. This paper presents a complete theory of migraine that explains its etiology, symptoms,…
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a debilitating health condition affecting a substantial part of the world's population. At present, there is no biological theory of MDD, and treatment is partial at best. Here I present a theory of MDD…
This paper presents a complete theory of autism spectrum disorder (ASD), explaining its etiology, symptoms, and pathology. The core cause of ASD is excessive stress-induced postnatal release of corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH). CRH…
Research continues to accumulate evidence that Goffin's cockatoos (Cacatua goffiniana) can solve wide sets of mechanical problems, such as tool use, tool manufacture, and solving mechanical puzzles. However, the proximate mechanisms…
There is overwhelming evidence that cognition, perception, and action rely on feedback control. However, if and how neural population dynamics are amenable to different control strategies is poorly understood, in large part because machine…
Status epilepticus (SE) carries risks of morbidity and mortality. Experimental studies have implicated the entorhinal cortex in prolonged seizures; however, studies in large human cohorts are limited. We hypothesised that individuals with…
Neurons integrate synaptic inputs and convert them to action potential output at electrically distant locations. The computational power of a neuron is hence enhanced by subcellular compartmentalization and nonlinear synaptic integration,…
In specific motifs of three recurrently connected neurons with probabilistic response, the spontaneous information flux, defined as the mutual information between subsequent states, has been shown to increase by adding ongoing white noise…
It has been proposed that there is a wave excitation in animal brains, whose function is to represent three-dimensional space around the animal as a working spatial memory. After surveying the evidence supporting the hypothesis, I discuss…
It has been proposed that there is a wave excitation in animal brains, whose role is to represent three dimensional local space in a working memory. Evidence for the wave comes from the mammalian thalamus, the central body of the insect…
Brain operates at remarkably low signal power. It has been noted that noise may play a constructive role in neural networks and facilitate the subthreshold signaling. The process of spiking pattern excitation at the characteristic neuronal…
Recent years has witnessed an increase in technologies that use speech for the sensing of the health of the talker. This survey paper proposes a general taxonomy of the technologies and a broad overview of current progress and challenges.…
Alzheimer Disease poses a significant challenge, necessitating early detection for effective intervention. MRI is a key neuroimaging tool due to its ease of use and cost effectiveness. This study analyzes machine learning methods for MRI…