神经元与认知
Motion is an important feature of visual scenes and retinal neuronal circuits selectively signal different motion features. It has been shown that the retina can extrapolate the position of a moving object, thereby compensating sensory…
Using simulation and a simple mathematical argument we argue that the refresh rate of overhead projectors, used in experiments on the visual system, may impact the perception of fast moving objects at the retinal and cortical level (V1),…
Accurate reconstruction of neuronal morphology is essential for classifying cell types and understanding brain connectivity. Recent advances in imaging and reconstruction techniques have greatly expanded the scale and quality of neuronal…
The purpose of this study was to investigate how the entropy of a neuron cell can be measured using membrane ion current signals, which were recorded from neurons in the mouse medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). The sample entropy and the…
Many mathematical models of synaptic plasticity have been proposed to explain the diversity of plasticity phenomena observed in biological organisms. These models range from simple interpretations of Hebb's postulate, which suggests that…
Why do biological and artificial neurons sometimes modularise, each encoding a single meaningful variable, and sometimes entangle their representation of many variables? In this work, we develop a theory of when biologically inspired…
In neural-decoding studies, recordings of participants' responses to stimuli are used to train models. In recent years, there has been an explosion of publications detailing applications of innovations from deep-learning research to…
Animals employ different strategies for relating sensory input to behavioral output to navigate sensory environments, but what strategy to use, when to switch and why remain unclear. In C. elegans, navigation is composed of 'steering' and…
Toy models are highly idealized and deliberately simplified models that retain only the essential features of a system in order to explore specific theoretical questions. Long used in physics and other sciences, they have recently begun to…
If brain anatomy and dynamics have a genuine complex network structure as it has become standard to posit, it is also reasonable to assume that such a structure should play a key role not only in brain function but also in brain…
Power-law scaling in coarse-grained data suggests critical dynamics, but the true source of this scaling often remains unclear. Here, we analyze neural activity recorded during spatial navigation, reproducing power-law scaling under a…
We introduce a probabilistic model of early visual processing, beginning with the interaction between a light wavefront and the retina. We argue that perception originates not with deterministic transduction, but with probabilistic…
Human memory exhibits significant vulnerability in cognitive tasks and daily life. Comparisons between visual working memory and new perceptual input (e.g., during cognitive tasks) can lead to unintended memory distortions. Previous studies…
This study investigates how the human brain differentiates between intentional human agents and artificial intelligence (AI) agents during real-time social interaction. Using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) hyperscanning, we…
Humans can effortlessly describe what they see, yet establishing a shared representational format between vision and language remains a significant challenge. Emerging evidence suggests that human brain representations in both vision and…
Recent large scale behavioral studies suggest early emergence of gender differences in mathematical performance within months of school entry. However, these findings lack direct neural evidence and are constrained by cultural contexts. We…
Background: Silence is a common phenomenon in classrooms, yet its implicit nature limits a clear understanding of students' underlying learning statuses. Aim: This study proposed a nuanced framework to classify classroom silence based on…
Predicting behavioral variables from neuroimaging modalities such as magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has the potential to allow the development of neuroimaging biomarkers of mental and neurological disorders. A crucial processing step to…
Sleep disturbances, particularly nighttime waking, are highly prevalent in young children and can significantly disrupt not only the child's well-being but also family functioning. Behavioral and environmental strategies, including the…
Biostasis has the potential to extend human lives by offering a bridge to powerful life extension technologies that may be developed in the future. However, key questions in the field remain unresolved, including which biomarkers reliably…