神经元与认知
Theories and models of working memory (WM) were at least since the mid-1990s dominated by the persistent activity hypothesis. The past decade has seen rising concerns about the shortcomings of sustained activity as the mechanism for…
Sensory perception (e.g. vision) relies on a hierarchy of cortical areas, in which neural activity propagates in both directions, to convey information not only about sensory inputs but also about cognitive states, expectations and…
Intracranial EEG (iEEG) is the gold standard technique for epileptogenic zone (EZ) localisation, but requires a hypothesis of which tissue is epileptogenic, guided by qualitative analysis of seizure semiology and other imaging modalities…
Successful epilepsy surgery depends on localising and resecting cerebral abnormalities and networks that generate seizures. Abnormalities, however, may be widely distributed across multiple discontiguous areas. We propose spatially…
Imaging the brain vasculature can be critical for cerebral perfusion monitoring in the context of neurocritical care. Although ultrasensitive Doppler (UD) can provide good sensitivity to cerebral blood volume (CBV) in a large field of view,…
Why do moving objects appear rigid when projected retinal images are deformed nonrigidly? We used rotating rigid objects that can appear rigid or non-rigid to test whether shape features contribute to rigidity perception. When two circular…
Longitudinal assessment of brain atrophy, particularly in the hippocampus, is a well-studied biomarker for neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD). In clinical trials, estimation of brain progressive rates can be…
In order to comprehend and enhance models that describes various brain regions is important to study the dynamics of trained recurrent neural networks. Including Dales law in such models usually presents several challenges. However, this is…
A normative electrographic activity map could be a powerful resource to understand normal brain function and identify abnormal activity. Here, we present a normative brain map using scalp EEG in terms of relative band power. In this…
Background: The choice of efficient antipsychotic therapy for schizophrenia relies on a time-consuming trial-and-error approach, whereas the social and economic burdens of the disease call for faster alternatives. Material \& methods: In a…
In order to remain adaptable to a dynamic environment, neural activity must be simultaneously both sensitive and stable. To solve this problem, the brain has been hypothesised to sit near a critical boundary. Yet, precisely how criticality…
While error backpropagation (BP) has dominated the training of nearly all modern neural networks for a long time, it suffers from several biological plausibility issues such as the symmetric weight requirement and synchronous updates.…
Objective. Research on brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) is advancing towards rehabilitating severely disabled patients in the real world. Two key factors for successful decoding of user intentions are the size of implanted microelectrode…
Electroencephalogram (EEG) is a very promising and widely implemented procedure to study brain signals and activities by amplifying and measuring the post-synaptical potential arising from electrical impulses produced by neurons and…
Estimating the Shannon information associated with individual neurons is a non-trivial problem. Three key methods used to estimate the mutual information between neuron inputs and outputs are described, and a list of further readings is…
Mathematical models for the generation of the action potential can improve the understanding of physiological mechanisms that are consequence of the electrical activity in neurons. In such models, some equations involving empirically…
Brain structural connectivity, capturing the white matter fiber tracts among brain regions inferred by diffusion MRI (dMRI), provides a unique characterization of brain anatomical organization. One fundamental question to address with…
While mathematical models, in particular self-propelled particle (SPP) models, capture many of the observed properties of large fish schools, they do not always capture the interactions of smaller shoals. Nor do these models tend to account…
Recent investigations of traumatic brain injuries have shown that these injuries can result in conformational changes at the level of individual neurons in the cerebral cortex. Focal axonal swelling is one consequence of such injuries and…
Neurons in the brain are often finely tuned for specific task variables. Moreover, such disentangled representations are highly sought after in machine learning. Here we mathematically prove that simple biological constraints on neurons,…