地球与行星天体物理
We compile a systematic mass inventory of the Solar System excluding the Sun, drawing on spacecraft measurements, planetary ephemerides, and population surveys of small-body populations including main-belt asteroids and trans-Neptunian…
Planet formation remains a fundamentally important yet poorly understood process. Protoplanetary disks, the birthplaces of planetary systems, exhibit a wide range of substructures that are increasingly interpreted as signatures of…
The vertical redistribution of materials in the lunar regolith - ranging from continuously produced space-weathering products to sporadic pulses of supernova- or kilonova-derived isotopes - remains a fundamental problem in planetary…
The discovery of circumbinary planets (CBPs) has advanced our understanding of planet formation and dynamical evolution in complex environments. However, the population of such planets remains small, leading their underlying physical…
This chapter reviews the current state of observational and theoretical efforts in the characterization of exoplanet atmospheres, with a focus on developments enabled through the Swiss National Centre for Competence in Research (NCCR)…
Many exoplanetary systems are multiplanet configurations whose long-term dynamics are governed by N-body gravitational interactions. Consequently, their detection signatures cannot be adequately described by Keplerian orbits. Accurately…
Nitrogen is a key element for building habitable worlds, yet only a small fraction of the available N-budget of planet-forming disks has been detected. In particular, the lack of any IR NH$_3$ detection is striking, as this molecule is…
Transit timing variations (TTV) are considered a tool for constraining the masses of transiting planets in the absence of radial-velocity data. Although theoretical studies have long revealed that TTV mass determinations intrinsically…
Most detected transiting planets have orbits which would fit within the one of Mercury, exposing them to intense stellar irradiation and interactions that significantly alter their properties. In contrast, colder planets with longer orbital…
In this chapter, we summarize the underlying numerical methods needed for efficient $N$-body integration of planetary systems. We discuss how symplectic integrators have been developed to tackle the complementary problems of long-term…
The exploration of planetary bodies in our Solar system and beyond relies on the processing and interpretation of large, spatio-temporally inconsistent, and heterogeneous datasets. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) provide…
The nucleosynthetic heterogeneity between different asteroids and planets is well established. These isotopic variations manifest themselves at the part per millions level or larger, in isotopes that were synthesised in various stellar…
The disk instability (DI) model for giant planet formation remains an attractive alternative in explaining the formation of giant planets at early times, giant planets at large radial distances, and giant planets orbiting M-stars. In this…
We review the progresses made in global theoretical models of planetary system formation in the last decade using the example of the planetary system formation framework known as the Bern Model that has been continuously developed since…
Impacts play a fundamental role in shaping the physical and chemical properties of the objects in our Solar System. Given the challenges in replicating such collisions through laboratory experiments, computer simulations are an important…
This work describes the context and approach for the detection of spectroscopic signatures from planets in the habitable zone of nearby stars. By understanding the limitations of current observatories, future telescopes can be understood,…
In recent decades, the relevance of polarimetry in planetary sciences and astronomy has increased rapidly. Polarization is a fundamental property of light and can be modified by any scattering event. As such, polarization yields additional…
The Hayabusa2 extended mission, nicknamed Hayabusa2# (# is pronounced SHARP, which stands for the Small Hazardous Asteroid Reconnaissance Probe), is JAXA's small body explorer to conduct science and engineering investigations in space.…
The method of weighted least squares is widely used in parameter estimation problems such as asteroid orbit determination. A key difficulty is the treatment of observational uncertainties, especially when combining heterogeneous datasets…
We present the results of experiments probing the retention of CO2 in crystalline water ice, frozen sodium chloride (NaCl) brines, and flash-frozen carbonated water using diffuse reflectance infrared spectroscopy. Characteristic absorptions…