English

Two-dimensional solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling

Pattern Formation and Solitons 2016-02-24 v2 Quantum Gases

Abstract

We report families of two-dimensional (2D) composite solitons in spinor dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates, with two localized components linearly mixed by the spin-orbit coupling (SOC), and the intrinsic nonlinearity represented by the dipole-dipole interaction (DDI) between atomic magnetic moments polarized in-plane by an external magnetic field. Recently, stable solitons were predicted in the form of \textit{semi-vortices} (composites built of coupled fundamental and vortical components) in the 2D system combining the SOC and contact attractive interactions. Replacing the latter by the anisotropic long-range DDI, we demonstrate that, for a fixed norm of the soliton, the system supports a \emph{continuous family} of stable spatially asymmetric vortex solitons (AVSs), parameterized by an offset of the pivot of the vortical component relative to its fundamental counterpart. The offset is limited by a certain maximum value, while the energy of the AVS practically does not depend on the offset. At small values of the norm, the vortex solitons are subject to a weak oscillatory instability. In the present system, with the Galilean invariance broken by the SOC, the composite solitons are set in motion by a kick whose strength exceeds a certain depinning value. The kicked solitons feature a negative effective mass, drifting along a spiral trajectory opposite to the direction of the kick. A critical angular velocity, up to which the semi-vortices may follow rotation of the polarizing magnetic field, is found too.

Keywords

Cite

@article{arxiv.1512.02856,
  title  = {Two-dimensional solitons in dipolar Bose-Einstein condensates with spin-orbit coupling},
  author = {Xunda Jiang and Zhiwei Fan and Zhaopin Chen and Wei Pang and Yongyao Li and Boris A. Malomed},
  journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1512.02856},
  year   = {2016}
}

Comments

14 pages, 6 figures, Physical Review A in press

R2 v1 2026-06-22T12:05:14.138Z