基于射电的超高能中微子实验中的摩擦电背景
天体物理仪器与方法
2022-08-11 v3 高能天体物理现象
摘要
拟议的 IceCube-Gen2（ICG2）旨在以射电天线监测南极地理南极附近约 500 平方公里的南极冰，以观测宇宙中最高能量（E>1 EeV）的中微子。为此，ICG2 将利用中微子在极地冰盖中相互作用产生的脉冲式射频（RF）信号。在此类实验中，稀有的单事件候选者必须与背景明确区分；迄今，信号识别策略主要剔除热噪声与人为背景。本文考虑虚假中微子信号也可能由“摩擦电效应”自然生成的可能性。这广义上包括任何边界层受力导致表面电荷位移并产生电势差 {\Delta}V 的过程。风吹过雪等颗粒表面可诱发此类 {\Delta}V 并随之放电。纳秒时间尺度的放电可产生特征频率在 MHz-GHz 的 RF 辐射。我们发现此类背景在所考察的几个中微子实验中显而易见，且通常具有以下特征：a) 阈值风速，可能取决于实验信号触发阈值与布局；对所考察实验，该值通常为 O(10 m/s)；b) 频谱通常偏移至当前射电实验通常敏感频段（100-200 MHz）的低端；c) 对最强背景信号，明显偏好来自地表以上结构的放电，尽管不能排除存在更各向同性、较低幅度的摩擦电放电。
引用
@article{arxiv.2103.06079,
title = {Triboelectric Backgrounds to radio-based UHE Neutrino Exeperiments},
author = {J. A. Aguilar and A. Anker and P. Allison and S. Archambault and P. Baldi and S. W. Barwick and J. J. Beatty and J. Beise and D. Besson and A. Bishop and E. Bondarev and O. Botner and S. Bouma and S. Buitink and M. Cataldo and C. C. Chen and C. H. Chen and P. Chen and Y. C. Chen and B. A. Clark and W. Clay and Z. Curtis-Ginsberg and A. Connolly and P. Dasgupta and S. de Kockere and K. D. de Vries and C. Deaconu and M. A. DuVernois and J. Flaherty and E. Friedman and R. Gaior and G. Gaswint and C. Glaser and A. Hallgren and S. Hallmann and J. C. Hanson and N. Harty and B. Hendricks and K. D. Hoffman and C. Hornhuber and S. Y. Hsu and L. Hu and J. J. Huang and M. -H. Huang and K. Hughes and A. Ishihara and A. Karle and J. L. Kelley and S. R. Klein and S. A. Kleinfelder and K. -C. Kim and M. -C. Kim and I. Kravchenko and R. Krebs and Y. Ku and C. Y. Kuo and K. Kurusu and R. Lahmann and H. Landsman and U. Latif and C. -J. Li and J. Liu and T. -C. Liu and M. -Y. Lu and K. Madison and J. Mammo and K. Mase and S. McAleer and T. Meures and Z. S. Meyers and K. Michaels and M. Mikhailova and K. Mulrey and J. Nam and R. J. Nichol and A. Nelles and A. Novikov and A. Nozdrina and E. Oberla and B. Oeyen and J. Osborn and Y. Pan and H. Pandya and M. P. Paul and C. Persichilli and I. Plaisier and N. Punsuebsay and L. Pyras and R. Rice-Smith and J. Roth and D. Ryckbosch and O. Scholten and D. Seckel and M. F. H. Seikh and Y. -S. Shiao and D. Smith and D. Southall and J. Tatar and J. Torres and S. Toscano and D. Tosi and J. Touart and D. J. Van Den Broeck and N. van Eijndhoven and G. S. Varner and A. G. Vieregg and M. -Z. Wang and S. -H Wang and Y. H. Wang and C. Welling and D. R. Williams and S. Wissel and C. Xie and S. Yoshida and R. Young and L. Zhao and A. Zink},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2103.06079},
year = {2022}
}