英仙座星系团核心中的宁静星系团内介质
星系天体物理
2016-07-20 v1 宇宙学与河外天体物理
高能天体物理现象
摘要
星系团是宇宙中质量最大的引力束缚天体，且仍在形成中。因此，它们是宇宙学参数和众多天体物理过程的重要探针。了解在星系团中质量上占主导地位的弥漫热气体的动力学，是一个关键但缺失的要素。它能够为中央超大质量黑洞注入机械能以及利用流体静力学平衡确定星系团质量提供新见解。英仙座星系团核心发出的 X 射线，是由充满其引力势阱的 5000 万开尔文弥漫热等离子体发射的。中心星系 NGC1275 的活动星系核正向周围的星系团内介质注入喷流能量，产生充满相对论性等离子体的浮力气泡。这些过程很可能在星系团内介质中诱发运动并加热内部气体，从而阻止失控的辐射冷却；这一过程被称为活动星系核反馈。在此，我们报告了 Hitomi 对英仙座星系团核心的 X 射线观测，揭示了一个极其宁静的大气层，在距中心核 30-60 kpc 的区域内，气体的视线速度弥散为 164+/-10 km/s。在星系团核心 60 kpc 的图像上发现了 150+/-70 km/s 的视线速度梯度。气体中的湍流压力支撑占热力学压力的 4% 或更少，大尺度剪切最多使该估计值增加一倍。我们推断，在中心区域通过流体静力学平衡确定的总星系团质量几乎不需要针对湍流压力进行修正。
引用
@article{arxiv.1607.04487,
title = {The Quiescent Intracluster Medium in the Core of the Perseus Cluster},
author = {Hitomi Collaboration and Felix Aharonian and Hiroki Akamatsu and Fumie Akimoto and Steven W. Allen and Naohisa Anabuki and Lorella Angelini and Keith Arnaud and Marc Audard and Hisamitsu Awaki and Magnus Axelsson and Aya Bamba and Marshall Bautz and Roger Blandford and Laura Brenneman and Gregory V. Brown and Esra Bulbul and Edward Cackett and Maria Chernyakova and Meng Chiao and Paolo Coppi and Elisa Costantini and Jelle de Plaa and Jan-Willem den Herder and Chris Done and Tadayasu Dotani and Ken Ebisawa and Megan Eckart and Teruaki Enoto and Yuichiro Ezoe and Andrew Fabian and Carlo Ferrigno and Adam Foster and Ryuichi Fujimoto and Yasushi Fukazawa and Akihiro Furuzawa and Massimiliano Galeazzi and Luigi Gallo and Poshak Gandhi and Margherita Giustini and Andrea Goldwurm and Liyi Gu and Matteo Guainazzi and Yoshito Haba and Kouichi Hagino and Kenji Hamaguchi and Ilana Harrus and Isamu Hatsukade and Katsuhiro Hayashi and Takayuki Hayashi and Kiyoshi Hayashida and Junko Hiraga and Ann Hornschemeier and Akio Hoshino and John Hughes and Ryo Iizuka and Hajime Inoue and Yoshiyuki Inoue and Kazunori Ishibashi and Manabu Ishida and Kumi Ishikawa and Yoshitaka Ishisaki and Masayuki Itoh and Naoko Iyomoto and Jelle Kaastra and Timothy Kallman and Tuneyoshi Kamae and Erin Kara and Jun Kataoka and Satoru Katsuda and Junichiro Katsuta and Madoka Kawaharada and Nobuyuki Kawai and Richard Kelley and Dmitry Khangulyan and Caroline Kilbourne and Ashley King and Takao Kitaguchi and Shunji Kitamoto and Tetsu Kitayama and Takayoshi Kohmura and Motohide Kokubun and Shu Koyama and Katsuji Koyama and Peter Kretschmar and Hans Krimm and Aya Kubota and Hideyo Kunieda and Philippe Laurent and Francois Lebrun and Shiu-Hang Lee and Maurice Leutenegger and Olivier Limousin and Michael Loewenstein and Knox S. Long and David Lumb and Grzegorz Madejski and Yoshitomo Maeda and Daniel Maier and Kazuo Makishima and Maxim Markevitch and Hironori Matsumoto and Kyoko Matsushita and Dan McCammon and Brian McNamara and Missagh Mehdipour and Eric Miller and Jon Miller and Shin Mineshige and Kazuhisa Mitsuda and Ikuyuki Mitsuishi and Takuya Miyazawa and Tsunefumi Mizuno and Hideyuki Mori and Koji Mori and Harvey Moseley and Koji Mukai and Hiroshi Murakami and Toshio Murakami and Richard Mushotzky and Ryo Nagino and Takao Nakagawa and Hiroshi Nakajima and Takeshi Nakamori and Toshio Nakano and Shinya Nakashima and Kazuhiro Nakazawa and Masayoshi Nobukawa and Hirofumi Noda and Masaharu Nomachi and Steve O'Dell and Hirokazu Odaka and Takaya Ohashi and Masanori Ohno and Takashi Okajima and Naomi Ota and Masanobu Ozaki and Frits Paerels and Stephane Paltani and Arvind Parmar and Robert Petre and Ciro Pinto and Martin Pohl and F. Scott Porter and Katja Pottschmidt and Brian Ramsey and Christopher Reynolds and Helen Russell and Samar Safi-Harb and Shinya Saito and Kazuhiro Sakai and Hiroaki Sameshima and Goro Sato and Kosuke Sato and Rie Sato and Makoto Sawada and Norbert Schartel and Peter Serlemitsos and Hiromi Seta and Megumi Shidatsu and Aurora Simionescu and Randall Smith and Yang Soong and Lukasz Stawarz and Yasuharu Sugawara and Satoshi Sugita and Andrew Szymkowiak and Hiroyasu Tajima and Hiromitsu Takahashi and Tadayuki Takahashi and Shin'ichiro Takeda and Yoh Takei and Toru Tamagawa and Keisuke Tamura and Takayuki Tamura and Takaaki Tanaka and Yasuo Tanaka and Yasuyuki Tanaka and Makoto Tashiro and Yuzuru Tawara and Yukikatsu Terada and Yuichi Terashima and Francesco Tombesi and Hiroshi Tomida and Yohko Tsuboi and Masahiro Tsujimoto and Hiroshi Tsunemi and Takeshi Tsuru and Hiroyuki Uchida and Hideki Uchiyama and Yasunobu Uchiyama and Shutaro Ueda and Yoshihiro Ueda and Shiro Ueno and Shin'ichiro Uno and Meg Urry and Eugenio Ursino and Cor de Vries and Shin Watanabe and Norbert Werner and Daniel Wik and Dan Wilkins and Brian Williams and Shinya Yamada and Hiroya Yamaguchi and Kazutaka Yamaok and Noriko Y. Yamasaki and Makoto Yamauchi and Shigeo Yamauchi and Tahir Yaqoob and Yoichi Yatsu and Daisuke Yonetoku and Atsumasa Yoshida and Takayuki Yuasa and Irina Zhuravleva and Abderahmen Zoghbi},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1607.04487},
year = {2016}
}
备注
31 pages, 11 Figs, published in Nature July 8