NANOGrav 15年数据集：定制色噪声模型对引力波分析的影响
宇宙学与河外天体物理
2026-06-26 v1 高能天体物理现象
摘要
我们报告了使用Larsen、Baier等人（2026）为NANOGrav 15年数据集开发的定制色噪声模型（CNM）更新的纳赫兹引力波（GW）显著性、表征和解释。我们发现Hellings-Downs（HD）相关签名作为随机引力波背景（GWB）的证据增强，使用具有14个傅里叶模式的幂律模型，HD相关相对于共同不相关红噪声过程的贝叶斯因子为1571±14。我们发现，与Agazie等人（2023a）相比，贝叶斯因子增加约8倍是改进噪声抑制的结果。假设频域脉冲星间相关统计量的解析零分布，这对应于相对于无相关情景的显著性测量从3.16σ略微增加到3.32σ。使用CNM的谱推断将幂律GWB振幅降至固定γ_GWB = 13/3时的A_GWB = 2.1^{+0.6}_{-0.5}×10^{-15}。在变γ分析中，谱指数增加到γ_GWB = 3.5^{+0.7}_{-0.6}。我们报告了全天连续引力波（CW）搜索以及选定目标搜索的更新，并计算了NANOGrav探测器3.2倍更大的探测体积。使用CNM，我们发现非爱因斯坦标量横波模式引力的证据减少。最后，我们首先假设由超大质量黑洞双星（SMBHB）产生的天体物理背景，然后假设宇宙暴胀、一阶宇宙学相变和稳定宇宙弦等更奇异的起源，重新解释GWB。在SMBHB假设和宇宙学假设下，我们只看到模型参数后验的微小移动，这与略微更安静和更陡峭的幂律GWB谱一致。
引用
@article{arxiv.2606.28554,
title = {The NANOGrav 15 yr Data Set: Impacts of Customized Chromatic Noise Models on Gravitational Wave Analyses},
author = {Nikita Agarwal and Gabriella Agazie and Alessandra Amosso and Akash Anumarlapudi and Anne M. Archibald and Zaven Arzoumanian and Anjana Ashok and Jeremy G. Baier and Paul T. Baker and Bence Becsy and Laura Blecha and Adam Brazier and Paul R. Brook and Sarah Burke-Spolaor and Rand Burnette and Robin Case and J. Andrew Casey-Clyde and Yu-Ting Chang and Maria Charisi and Shami Chatterjee and Tyler Cohen and James M. Cordes and Neil J. Cornish and Fronefield Crawford and H. Thankful Cromartie and Kathryn Crowter and Megan E. DeCesar and Paul B. Demorest and Heling Deng and Lankeswar Dey and Timothy Dolch and Graham M. Doskoch and Elizabeth C. Ferrara and William Fiore and Emmanuel Fonseca and Gabriel E. Freedman and Emiko C. Gardiner and Nate Garver-Daniels and Peter A. Gentile and Kyle A. Gersbach and Joseph Glaser and Deborah C. Good and Kayhan Gultekin and Aiden Gundersen and C. J. Harris and Doa Hashemi Asl and Jeffrey S. Hazboun and Ross J. Jennings and Aaron D. Johnson and Megan L. Jones and David L. Kaplan and Anala K. Sreekumar and Luke Zoltan Kelley and Matthew Kerr and Joey S. Key and Nima Laal and Michael T. Lam and William G. Lamb and Bjorn Larsen and T. Joseph W. Lazio and Natalia Lewandowska and Tingting Liu and Duncan R. Lorimer and Jing Luo and Ryan S. Lynch and Chung-Pei Ma and Dustin R. Madison and Ashley Martsen and Cayenne Matt and Alexander McEwen and James W. McKee and Maura A. McLaughlin and Natasha McMann and Bradley W. Meyers and Patrick M. Meyers and Matthew T. Miles and Chiara M. F. Mingarelli and Andrea Mitridate and Cherry Ng and David J. Nice and Shania Nichols and Stella K. Ocker and Daniel J. Oliver and Ken D. Olum and Timothy T. Pennucci and Benetge B. P. Perera and Polina Petrov and Nihan S. Pol and Henri A. Radovan and Scott M. Ransom and Paul S. Ray and Joseph D. Romano and Jessie C. Runnoe and Alexander Saffer and Shashwat C. Sardesai and Ann Schmiedekamp and Carl Schmiedekamp and Kai Schmitz and Levi Schult and Brent J. Shapiro-Albert and Xavier Siemens and Joseph Simon and Sophia V. Sosa Fiscella and Ingrid H. Stairs and Daniel R. Stinebring and Kevin Stovall and Robin Strahler and Abhimanyu Susobhanan and Joseph K. Swiggum and Jacob Taylor and Stephen R. Taylor and Mercedes S. Thompson and Jacob E. Turner and Michele Vallisneri and Rutger van Haasteren and Joris P. W. Verbiest and Sarah J. Vigeland and Haley M. Wahl and Kalista Wayt and Kevin P. Wilson and Caitlin A. Witt and David Wright and Olivia Young},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2606.28554},
year = {2026}
}
备注
28 pages, 17 figures, Submitted to Astrophysical Journal Letters. For questions or comments, please email [email protected] or [email protected]