用于行星防御的小行星成功动能撞击
地球与行星天体物理
2023-03-07 v1
摘要
虽然至少在未来一个世纪内没有已知小行星对地球构成威胁，但对于其撞击会造成区域性毁灭的物体，近地小行星目录尚不完整。已提出若干方法通过偏转或瓦解小行星来潜在防止小行星撞击地球。动能撞击技术测试被确定为与小行星减缓相关的最高优先级空间任务。NASA 的双小行星重定向测试（DART）任务是动能撞击技术的首次全规模测试。该任务的目标小行星是 Dimorphos，即 S 型双星近地小行星 (65803) Didymos 的伴星。选择该双星系统是为了使地基望远镜能够量化 DART 撞击引起的小行星偏转。虽然过去的任务曾利用撞击体研究小天体的性质，但那些早期任务并非旨在偏转其目标，也未实现可测量的偏转。在此我们报告 DART 航天器对 Dimorphos 的自主动能撞击，并重建撞击事件，包括撞击前的时间线、DART 撞击点的位置与性质，以及 Dimorphos 的大小和形状。DART 航天器对 Dimorphos 的成功撞击及由此产生的 Dimorphos 轨道改变表明，动能撞击器技术在必要时是保卫地球的潜在可行手段。
引用
@article{arxiv.2303.02248,
title = {Successful Kinetic Impact into an Asteroid for Planetary Defense},
author = {R. Terik Daly and Carolyn M. Ernst and Olivier S. Barnouin and Nancy L. Chabot and Andrew S. Rivkin and Andrew F. Cheng and Elena Y. Adams and Harrison F. Agrusa and Elisabeth D. Abel and Amy L. Alford and Erik I. Asphaug and Justin A. Atchison and Andrew R. Badger and Paul Baki and Ronald-L. Ballouz and Dmitriy L. Bekker and Julie Bellerose and Shyam Bhaskaran and Bonnie J. Buratti and Saverio Cambioni and Michelle H. Chen and Steven R. Chesley and George Chiu and Gareth S. Collins and Matthew W. Cox and Mallory E. DeCoster and Peter S. Ericksen and Raymond C. Espiritu and Alan S. Faber and Tony L. Farnham and Fabio Ferrari and Zachary J. Fletcher and Robert W. Gaskell and Dawn M. Graninger and Musad A. Haque and Patricia A. Harrington-Duff and Sarah Hefter and Isabel Herreros and Masatoshi Hirabayashi and Philip M. Huang and Syau-Yun W. Hsieh and Seth A. Jacobson and Stephen N. Jenkins and Mark A. Jensenius and Jeremy W. John and Martin Jutzi and Tomas Kohout and Timothy O. Krueger and Frank E. Laipert and Norberto R. Lopez and Robert Luther and Alice Lucchetti and Declan M. Mages and Simone Marchi and Anna C. Martin and Maria E. McQuaide and Patrick Michel and Nicholas A. Moskovitz and Ian W. Murphy and Naomi Murdoch and Shantanu P. Naidu and Hari Nair and Michael C. Nolan and Jens Ormö and Maurizio Pajola and Eric E. Palmer and James M. Peachey and Petr Pravec and Sabina D. Raducan and K. T. Ramesh and Joshua R. Ramirez and Edward L. Reynolds and Joshua E. Richman and Colas Q. Robin and Luis M. Rodriguez and Lew M. Roufberg and Brian P. Rush and Carolyn A. Sawyer and Daniel J. Scheeres and Petr Scheirich and Stephen R. Schwartz and Matthew P. Shannon and Brett N. Shapiro and Caitlin E. Shearer and Evan J. Smith and R. Joshua Steele and Jordan K Steckloff and Angela M. Stickle and Jessica M. Sunshine and Emil A. Superfin and Zahi B. Tarzi and Cristina A. Thomas and Justin R. Thomas and Josep M. Trigo-Rodríguez and B. Teresa Tropf and Andrew T. Vaughan and Dianna Velez and C. Dany Waller and Daniel S. Wilson and Kristin A. Wortman and Yun Zhang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2303.02248},
year = {2023}
}
备注
Accepted by Nature