射线追踪从AGN托管薄质盘的喷流：面向视界尺度的分析
摘要
AGN表现出广泛的黑洞质量和流入/流出特性。如今，利用VLBI和以地球大小基线进行观测，可以探测到距离近距离SMBH事件视界的区域，如EHT所执行的那样。本研究探讨了薄型Kepler盘的AGN的吸积和喷流在事件视界附近的辐射特性。我们使用阻性GR-MHD模拟来建模拥有薄型Kepler盘的AGN。这与广泛研究的厚型盘模型形成对比，如磁性被捕获盘(MADs)或标准和正常演化(SANE)情景。我们的模型作为研究盘-喷流-风结构的简化表示。这些模拟被后处理和射线追踪，采用黑洞质量和观测到的SEDs约束。使用靠近事件视界产生的热力学 synchrotron 辐射创建辐射图，并通过分离吸积和喷流成分来确定其对总强度的贡献。Whether the emission appears optically thick or thin at a given frequency depends on its position relative to the synchrotron SED peak. At 230 GHz, low-mass SMBHs appear optically thicker than high-mass ones, even at lower accretion rates. Doppler beaming affects the brightness of emission from outflows with changing viewing angles in low-mass systems. Eddington ratios from our models align with those inferred by the EHTC for M87 and SgrA* using thicker MAD/SANE models. Although thin disks are optically thicker, their spectral properties make high-mass systems appear optically thinner at 230 GHz; ideal for probing GR effects like photon rings. In contrast, low-mass systems remain optically thicker at these frequencies because of synchrotron self-absorption, making outflow emissions near the horizon more pronounced. However, distinguishing these features remains challenging with current EHT resolution.
引用
@article{arxiv.2505.16846,
title = {Ray-tracing GR-MHD-generated Outflows from AGNs Hosting Thin Accretion Disks: An Analysis Approaching Horizon Scales},
author = {Bidisha Bandyopadhyay and Christian Fendt and Dominik R. G. Schleicher and Neil M. Nagar and Felipe Agurto-Sepulveda and Javier Pedreros},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2505.16846},
year = {2025}
}
备注
13 pages, 8 figures, 1 table, accepted for publication in A&A