Planck 中期结果。XXV. Planck 观测下的仙女座星系
星系天体物理
2015-09-30 v3
摘要
仙女座星系 (M31) 是少数几个在天球上具有足够角尺寸从而可被 Planck 卫星分辨的星系之一。Planck 在其所有频段均探测到了 M31，并利用高频仪器绘制了尘埃发射图，清晰分辨出多个旋臂和子结构。我们研究了 Planck 观测到的这种长波尘埃发射的形态，包括对其最外层旋臂的研究，并调查了贯穿 M31 的尘埃加热机制。我们发现，主导较长波长发射 (mm) 的尘埃由弥散恒星种群加热（由 3.6m 发射示踪），而主导较短波长发射的尘埃则由老年恒星种群和恒星形成区混合加热（由 24m 发射示踪）。我们还拟合了单个 5' 像素的光谱能量分布 (SEDs)，并量化了整个星系的尘埃属性，同时考虑了这些不同的加热机制；发现对于由老年恒星种群加热的尘埃，温度随银心距离呈线性下降，正如预期那样，温度范围从核区的约 22K 到 10kpc 环外的 14K。最后，我们测量了整个星系的积分谱，发现其能很好地拟合为全局尘埃温度 ()K 且谱指数为 （假设单一修正黑体），并在 20-60GHz 的中间频率处存在显著的自由 - 自由发射，对应于约 Myr 的恒星形成率。我们发现了自旋尘埃发射存在的 探测信号，其 30GHz 处的振幅为 Jy，这与我们银河系的预期一致。
引用
@article{arxiv.1407.5452,
title = {Planck intermediate results. XXV. The Andromeda Galaxy as seen by Planck},
author = {Planck Collaboration and P. A. R. Ade and N. Aghanim and M. Arnaud and M. Ashdown and J. Aumont and C. Baccigalupi and A. J. Banday and R. B. Barreiro and N. Bartolo and E. Battaner and R. Battye and K. Benabed and G. J. Bendo and A. Benoit-Lévy and J. -P. Bernard and M. Bersanelli and P. Bielewicz and A. Bonaldi and L. Bonavera and J. R. Bond and J. Borrill and F. R. Bouchet and C. Burigana and R. C. Butler and E. Calabrese and J. -F. Cardoso and A. Catalano and A. Chamballu and R. -R. Chary and X. Chen and H. C. Chiang and P. R. Christensen and D. L. Clements and L. P. L. Colombo and C. Combet and F. Couchot and A. Coulais and B. P. Crill and A. Curto and F. Cuttaia and L. Danese and R. D. Davies and R. J. Davis and P. de Bernardis and A. de Rosa and G. de Zotti and J. Delabrouille and C. Dickinson and J. M. Diego and H. Dole and S. Donzelli and O. Doré and M. Douspis and A. Ducout and X. Dupac and G. Efstathiou and F. Elsner and T. A. Enßlin and H. K. Eriksen and F. Finelli and O. Forni and M. Frailis and A. A. Fraisse and E. Franceschi and A. Frejsel and S. Galeotta and K. Ganga and M. Giard and Y. Giraud-Héraud and E. Gjerløw and J. González-Nuevo and K. M. Górski and A. Gregorio and A. Gruppuso and F. K. Hansen and D. Hanson and D. L. Harrison and S. Henrot-Versillé and C. Hernández-Monteagudo and D. Herranz and S. R. Hildebrandt and E. Hivon and M. Hobson and W. A. Holmes and A. Hornstrup and W. Hovest and K. M. Huffenberger and G. Hurier and F. P. Israel and A. H. Jaffe and T. R. Jaffe and W. C. Jones and M. Juvela and E. Keihänen and R. Keskitalo and T. S. Kisner and R. Kneissl and J. Knoche and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and G. Lagache and A. Lähteenmäki and J. -M. Lamarre and A. Lasenby and M. Lattanzi and C. R. Lawrence and R. Leonardi and F. Levrier and M. Liguori and P. B. Lilje and M. Linden-Vørnle and M. López-Caniego and P. M. Lubin and J. F. Macías-Pérez and S. Madden and B. Maffei and D. Maino and N. Mandolesi and M. Maris and P. G. Martin and E. Martínez-González and S. Masi and S. Matarrese and P. Mazzotta and L. Mendes and A. Mennella and M. Migliaccio and M. -A. Miville-Deschênes and A. Moneti and L. Montier and G. Morgante and D. Mortlock and D. Munshi and J. A. Murphy and P. Naselsky and F. Nati and P. Natoli and H. U. Nørgaard-Nielsen and F. Noviello and D. Novikov and I. Novikov and C. A. Oxborrow and L. Pagano and F. Pajot and R. Paladini and D. Paoletti and B. Partridge and F. Pasian and T. J. Pearson and M. Peel and O. Perdereau and F. Perrotta and V. Pettorino and F. Piacentini and M. Piat and E. Pierpaoli and D. Pietrobon and S. Plaszczynski and E. Pointecouteau and G. Polenta and L. Popa and G. W. Pratt and S. Prunet and J. -L. Puget and J. P. Rachen and M. Reinecke and M. Remazeilles and C. Renault and S. Ricciardi and I. Ristorcelli and G. Rocha and C. Rosset and M. Rossetti and G. Roudier and J. A. Rubiño-Martín and B. Rusholme and M. Sandri and G. Savini and D. Scott and L. D. Spencer and V. Stolyarov and R. Sudiwala and D. Sutton and A. -S. Suur-Uski and J. -F. Sygnet and J. A. Tauber and L. Terenzi and L. Toffolatti and M. Tomasi and M. Tristram and M. Tucci and G. Umana and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and B. Van Tent and P. Vielva and F. Villa and L. A. Wade and B. D. Wandelt and R. Watson and I. K. Wehus and D. Yvon and A. Zacchei and A. Zonca},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1407.5452},
year = {2015}
}
备注
26 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A