雷暴期间宇宙线单计数率变化的观测及其对大尺度电场变化的启示
高能天体物理现象
2022-04-06 v1 高能物理 - 实验
大气与海洋物理
摘要
我们展示了望远镜阵列地面探测器（TASD）首次在700 km面积上观测到雷暴对宇宙线单计数率强度发展的影响。利用TASD对次级低能宇宙线计数率变化的观测，使我们能够在大规模上研究雷暴内部电场，因其覆盖700 km探测器上方的过程，而无需受限于气球与飞机探测器在时间与空间上的狭窄暴露。本工作中，利用TASD研究了宇宙线强度（单计数率）的变化，发现其平均在水平，最高达2%。这些观测既表现为超出也表现为亏缺。除与雷暴相关外，它们还与闪电相关。这些变化持续数十分钟；其在地面的足迹直径介于6至24 km，并随雷暴同向移动。通过使用云内及云对地简单电场模型，所观测的宇宙线单计数率变化由CORSIKA模拟重现。依据所用电场模型及其中的电场方向，重现观测低能宇宙线单计数率变化所需的电场强度约为0.2-0.4 GV。这进而使我们能对雷暴内部电场及其对宇宙线空气簇射的影响获得合理认识。
引用
@article{arxiv.2111.09962,
title = {Observation of Variations in Cosmic Ray Single Count Rates During Thunderstorms and Implications for Large-Scale Electric Field Changes},
author = {R. U. Abbasi and T. Abu-Zayyad and M. Allen and Y. Arai and R. Arimura and E. Barcikowski and J. W. Belz and D. R. Bergman and S. A. Blake and I. Buckland and R. Cady and B. G. Cheon and J. Chiba and M. Chikawa and T. Fujii and K. Fujisue and K. Fujita and R. Fujiwara and M. Fukushima and R. Fukushima and G. Furlich and N. Globus and R. Gonzalez and W. Hanlon and M. Hayashi and N. Hayashida and K. Hibino and R. Higuchi and K. Honda and N. Husseini and D. Ikeda and T. Inadomi and N. Inoue and T. Ishii and H. Ito and D. Ivanov and H. Iwakura and A. Iwasaki and H. M. Jeong and S. Jeong and H. Johnson and C. C. H. Jui and K. Kadota and F. Kakimoto and O. Kalashev and K. Kasahara and S. Kasami and H. Kawai and S. Kawakami and S. Kawana and K. Kawata and I. Kharuk and E. Kido and H. B. Kim and J. H. Kim and J. H. Kim and M. H. Kim and S. W. Kim and Y. Kimura and S. Kishigami and Y. Kubota and S. Kurisu and V. Kuzmin and M. Kuznetsov and Y. J. Kwon and K. H. Lee and R. LeVon and B. Lubsandorzhiev and J. P. Lundquist and K. Machida and H. Matsumiya and T. Matsuyama and J. N. Matthews and R. Mayta and J. Mazich and M. Minamino and K. Mukai and I. Myers and P. Myers and S. Nagataki and K. Nakai and R. Nakamura and T. Nakamura and T. Nakamura and Y. Nakamura and A. Nakazawa and E. Nishio and T. Nonaka and K. OBrien and H. Oda and S. Ogio and M. Ohnishi and H. Ohoka and Y. Oku and T. Okuda and Y. Omura and M. Ono and R. Onogi and A. Oshima and S. Ozawa and I. H. Park and M. Potts and M. S. Pshirkov and J. Remington and D. C. Rodriguez and G. I. Rubtsov and D. Ryu and H. Sagawa and R. Sahara and Y. Saito and N. Sakaki and T. Sako and N. Sakurai and K. Sano and K. Sato and T. Seki and K. Sekino and P. D. Shah and Y. Shibasaki and F. Shibata and N. Shibata and T. Shibata and H. Shimodaira and B. K. Shin and H. S. Shin and D. Shinto and J. D. Smith and P. Sokolsky and N. Sone and B. T. Stokes and T. A. Stroman and Y. Takagi and Y. Takahashi and M. Takamura and M. Takeda and R. Takeishi and A. Taketa and M. Takita and Y. Tameda and H. Tanaka and K. Tanaka and M. Tanaka and Y. Tanoue and S. B. Thomas and G. B. Thomson and P. Tinyakov and I. Tkachev and H. Tokuno and T. Tomida and S. Troitsky and R. Tsuda and Y. Tsunesada and Y. Uchihori and S. Udo and T. Uehama and F. Urban and T. Wong and M. Yamamoto and K. Yamazaki and J. Yang and K. Yashiro and F. Yoshida and Y. Yoshioka and Y. Zhezher and Z. Zundel},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2111.09962},
year = {2022}
}