Non-equilibrium quantum fluctuations of work
Abstract
The concept of work is basic for statistical thermodynamics. To gain a fuller understanding of work and its (quantum) features, it needs to be represented as an average of a fluctuating quantity. Here I focus on the work done between two moments of time for a thermally isolated quantum system driven by a time-dependent Hamiltonian. I formulate two natural conditions needed for the fluctuating work to be physically meaningful for a system that starts its evolution from a non-equilibrium state. The existing definitions do not satisfy these conditions due to issues that are traced back to non-commutativity. I propose a definition of fluctuating work that is free of previous drawbacks and that applies for a wide class of non-equilibrium initial states. It allows to deduce a generalized (out of equilibrium) work-fluctuation theorem.
Cite
@article{arxiv.1404.4190,
title = {Non-equilibrium quantum fluctuations of work},
author = {A. E. Allahverdyan},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:1404.4190},
year = {2015}
}
Comments
10 pages, revtex; published version