利用固有噪声进行开放量子系统的量子模拟
摘要
在量子计算机上模拟开放量子系统 presents 一个根本性挑战:开放量子动力学是固有非单位化的,而量子计算机是通过单位化演化来操作的。传统方法通过将非单位化过程编码到单位电路中来克服这一不匹配,但此类方法在量子位和门方面会产生 substantial 的开销。Here, 我们提出了另一种视角。量子处理器本身就是开放系统,固有地受到噪声的影响。相对于纠正所有错误然后用单位逻辑量子位和门来编码非单位化动力学,我们展示了如何将噪声用作计算资源。我们发展了一种噪声辅助的量子算法,通过选择性地保留物理噪声来模拟非单位化信道,从而以最小的量子位需求高效地模拟开放量子动力学。Our approach applies both to noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices and future fault-tolerant architectures. By leveraging intrinsic noise, this method circumvents the need to encode nonunitary dynamics into unitary gates and relaxes fidelity requirements on physical qubits, thereby reducing the overhead of quantum error correction. This framework reframes noise from a limitation into a resource, opening new directions for practical quantum simulation of open systems
引用
@article{arxiv.2510.21075,
title = {Harnessing Intrinsic Noise for Quantum Simulation of Open Quantum Systems},
author = {Sameer Dambal and Akira Sone and Yu Zhang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2510.21075},
year = {2025}
}