Euclid：快速数据发布（Q1）--早型星系中的次级核
星系天体物理
2025-11-06 v1
摘要
巨型早型星系(ETGs)被认为主要通过合并较不那么强大的前体形成，留下诸多暴力形成历史的痕迹，如星系流和壳。一种尤为显著的合并迹象是超大质量黑洞(SMBH)二进制体的形成，这些二进制体可通过与径向轨道星体的相互作用来消耗星心——即所谓的核心磨粘过程。此类系统中的次级SMBH可能仍携带密集的星体包层，从而在沉入合并后星系共享引力势之前可被观察到。我们利用Euclid Q1早期发布数据系统性地搜索ETGs中的次级核。我们呈现了666个候选系统的初步样本，分布在504个主机上(其中一些包含多个次级核)。绝大多数位于3-15 kpc的分离距离，表明为正常合并所致。44个位于小于2 kpc的投影分离距离。我们认为，非常接近的角分离的候选者不太可能是偶然对齐的结果。我们指出，这些候选者的星体质量大多过大，无法解释为全球星团，且显著比例即使在Euclid的空间分辨率下也无法被分辨，因而太小无法解释为矮星系。这可能代表之前合并星系的最高密度核，当前正沉入新共享引力势的中心，因而可能包含次级SMBH。我们随后展示了卷积神经网络为检测Euclid DR1未来30倍更大天空覆盖范围中的多个核提供了可行的方法。最后，我们认为该方法可能检测到来自两个合并SMBH的反弹事件的残留物。
引用
@article{arxiv.2511.02988,
title = {Euclid: Quick Data Release (Q1) -- Secondary nuclei in early-type galaxies},
author = {M. Fabricius and R. Saglia and F. Balzer and L. R. Ecker and J. Thomas and R. Bender and J. Gracia-Carpio and M. Magliocchetti and O. Marggraf and A. Rawlings and J. G. Sorce and K. Voggel and L. Wang and A. van der Wel and B. Altieri and A. Amara and S. Andreon and N. Auricchio and C. Baccigalupi and M. Baldi and A. Balestra and S. Bardelli and A. Biviano and E. Branchini and M. Brescia and J. Brinchmann and S. Camera and G. Cañas-Herrera and V. Capobianco and C. Carbone and J. Carretero and M. Castellano and G. Castignani and S. Cavuoti and K. C. Chambers and A. Cimatti and C. Colodro-Conde and G. Congedo and C. J. Conselice and L. Conversi and Y. Copin and F. Courbin and H. M. Courtois and M. Cropper and H. Degaudenzi and G. De Lucia and C. Dolding and H. Dole and F. Dubath and C. A. J. Duncan and X. Dupac and S. Dusini and S. Escoffier and M. Farina and R. Farinelli and S. Ferriol and F. Finelli and M. Frailis and E. Franceschi and M. Fumana and S. Galeotta and B. Gillis and C. Giocoli and A. Grazian and F. Grupp and S. V. H. Haugan and J. Hoar and H. Hoekstra and W. Holmes and I. M. Hook and F. Hormuth and A. Hornstrup and K. Jahnke and M. Jhabvala and B. Joachimi and E. Keihänen and S. Kermiche and A. Kiessling and B. Kubik and K. Kuijken and M. Kümmel and M. Kunz and H. Kurki-Suonio and A. M. C. Le Brun and S. Ligori and P. B. Lilje and V. Lindholm and I. Lloro and G. Mainetti and D. Maino and E. Maiorano and O. Mansutti and M. Martinelli and N. Martinet and F. Marulli and R. J. Massey and E. Medinaceli and S. Mei and Y. Mellier and M. Meneghetti and E. Merlin and G. Meylan and A. Mora and M. Moresco and L. Moscardini and R. Nakajima and C. Neissner and S. -M. Niemi and C. Padilla and S. Paltani and F. Pasian and K. Pedersen and W. J. Percival and V. Pettorino and S. Pires and G. Polenta and M. Poncet and L. A. Popa and L. Pozzetti and F. Raison and A. Renzi and J. Rhodes and G. Riccio and E. Romelli and M. Roncarelli and H. J. A. Rottgering and Z. Sakr and A. G. Sánchez and D. Sapone and B. Sartoris and M. Schirmer and P. Schneider and T. Schrabback and A. Secroun and G. Seidel and S. Serrano and P. Simon and C. Sirignano and G. Sirri and J. Skottfelt and L. Stanco and J. -L. Starck and J. Steinwagner and P. Tallada-Crespí and A. N. Taylor and H. I. Teplitz and I. Tereno and N. Tessore and S. Toft and R. Toledo-Moreo and F. Torradeflot and I. Tutusaus and L. Valenziano and J. Valiviita and T. Vassallo and G. Verdoes Kleijn and A. Veropalumbo and Y. Wang and J. Weller and M. Wetzstein and A. Zacchei and G. Zamorani and I. A. Zinchenko and E. Zucca and M. Huertas-Company and V. Scottez and D. Scott and M. Siudek},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2511.02988},
year = {2025}
}
备注
17 pages, 22 figures