近地轨道的脏比特:发射计算机的碳足迹
计算机与社会
2026-02-19 v3
摘要
近地轨道(LEO)卫星越来越多地被提议用于通信和在轨计算,以实现低延迟的全球服务。然而,其可持续性在很大程度上仍未得到检验。本文研究了太空计算的碳足迹,重点关注从发射、在轨运行到再入大气层的全生命周期排放。我们提出了ESpaS,一个轻量级工具,用于估算在轨与地面环境中CPU使用、内存和网络的碳强度。三个实例比较了(i)发射技术(最先进的火箭与潜在的下一代技术),(ii)在轨与地面数据中心工作负载的运行排放,以及(iii)在轨聚合与原始数据传输。结果表明,即使在乐观的假设下,在轨系统也会产生显著更高的碳成本——这主要源于发射和再入大气层所隐含的排放。我们的研究结果倡导在开发可持续的在轨数字基础设施时,采用碳感知设计原则和监管监督。
引用
@article{arxiv.2508.06250,
title = {Dirty Bits in Low-Earth Orbit: The Carbon Footprint of Launching Computers},
author = {Robin Ohs and Gregory F. Stock and Andreas Schmidt and Juan A. Fraire and Holger Hermanns},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2508.06250},
year = {2026}
}
备注
This is the authors' version of a paper that was originally presented at the 4th Workshop on Sustainable Computer Systems (HotCarbon'25) and subsequently published in the ACM SIGENERGY Energy Informatics Review, see https://doi.org/10.1145/3757892.3757896. v2 fixes incomplete author affiliations; v3 fixes incorrect use of constants relating to chemical effects (greenhouse warming potential)