利用 IceCube 在 Glashow 共振处探测到粒子簇射
高能物理 - 实验
2022-07-12 v1 高能天体物理现象
天体物理仪器与方法
摘要
Glashow 共振描述了高能电子反中微子与电子相互作用期间 玻色子的共振形成，在电子静止系中反中微子能量峰值位于 6.3 拍电子伏特（PeV）。尽管这一能量尺度是当前运行及未来规划中的粒子加速器无法达到的，但自然天体物理现象预计会产生能量超过 PeV 尺度的反中微子。在此，我们报告 IceCube 中微子天文台探测到一团高能粒子级联（粒子簇射），其与在 Glashow 共振处产生的情况一致。测量到一团能量为 PeV 的簇射（由南极冰盖中的切伦科夫辐射确定）。粒子簇射中次级缪子产生的特征表明共振 玻色子的强子衰变，确认了源为天体物理起源，并提供了改进的方向定位。Glashow 共振的证据暗示天体物理通量中存在电子反中微子，同时也进一步验证了粒子物理标准模型。其独特特征表明了一种区分中微子与反中微子的方法，从而提供了一种识别通过强子核或光强子相互作用产生中微子的天文加速器的方式，无论是否存在强磁场。因此，对味（即电子、缪子或陶中微子）和电荷（中微子或反中微子）的了解将有助于推动中微子天文学的发展。
引用
@article{arxiv.2110.15051,
title = {Detection of a particle shower at the Glashow resonance with IceCube},
author = {IceCube Collaboration and M. G. Aartsen and R. Abbasi and M. Ackermann and J. Adams and J. A. Aguilar and M. Ahlers and M. Ahrens and C. Alispach and N. M. Amin and K. Andeen and T. Anderson and I. Ansseau and G. Anton and C. Argüelles and J. Auffenberg and S. Axani and H. Bagherpour and X. Bai and A. Balagopal V. and A. Barbano and S. W. Barwick and B. Bastian and V. Basu and V. Baum and S. Baur and R. Bay and J. J. Beatty and K. -H. Becker and J. Becker Tjus and S. BenZvi and D. Berley and E. Bernardini and D. Z. Besson and G. Binder and D. Bindig and E. Blaufuss and S. Blot and C. Bohm and S. Böser and O. Botner and J. Böttcher and E. Bourbeau and J. Bourbeau and F. Bradascio and J. Braun and S. Bron and J. Brostean-Kaiser and A. Burgman and J. Buscher and R. S. Busse and M. A. Campana and T. Carver and C. Chen and E. Cheung and D. Chirkin and S. Choi and B. A. Clark and K. Clark and L. Classen and A. Coleman and G. H. Collin and J. M. Conrad and P. Coppin and P. 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Zhang and M. Zöcklein},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2110.15051},
year = {2022}
}
备注
This work has been published in Nature and is available at https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-021-03256-1