由重离子碰撞确定的稠密核物质状态方程
核理论
2024-01-29 v4 核实验
摘要
核状态方程（EOS）处于核物理众多理论和实验工作的中心。随着核相互作用微观理论的发展、探测前所未有条件下核物质的实验的可用性、开发精密可靠输运模拟以解释这些实验的努力，以及多信使天文学的出现，未来十年将带来确定核物质 EOS、阐明其对密度、温度和同位旋不对称性的依赖的新机遇。在受控的地面实验中，中等束流能量下重核的碰撞（在固定靶系中从每核子几十 MeV 到约 25 GeV/nucleon）探测了最宽的重子密度和温度范围，使得能够分别研究从十分之几到约 5 倍核饱和密度的核物质，以及从几 MeV 到远高于一百 MeV 的温度。富中子同位素的碰撞进一步带来了探测同位旋不对称所致效应的机会。然而，要利用旨在揭示稠密核物质 EOS 的巨大科学努力（在 RHIC、FRIB 以及其他国际设施），取决于最先进强子输运模拟的持续开发。本白皮书强调了重离子碰撞实验和强子输运模拟在理解稠密核物质中强相互作用方面的关键作用，重点说明了如何将这些努力与微观方法和中子星研究结合以揭示核 EOS。
引用
@article{arxiv.2301.13253,
title = {Dense Nuclear Matter Equation of State from Heavy-Ion Collisions},
author = {Agnieszka Sorensen and Kshitij Agarwal and Kyle W. Brown and Zbigniew Chajęcki and Paweł Danielewicz and Christian Drischler and Stefano Gandolfi and Jeremy W. Holt and Matthias Kaminski and Che-Ming Ko and Rohit Kumar and Bao-An Li and William G. Lynch and Alan B. McIntosh and William G. Newton and Scott Pratt and Oleh Savchuk and Maria Stefaniak and Ingo Tews and ManYee Betty Tsang and Ramona Vogt and Hermann Wolter and Hanna Zbroszczyk and Navid Abbasi and Jörg Aichelin and Anton Andronic and Steffen A. Bass and Francesco Becattini and David Blaschke and Marcus Bleicher and Christoph Blume and Elena Bratkovskaya and B. Alex Brown and David A. Brown and Alberto Camaiani and Giovanni Casini and Katerina Chatziioannou and Abdelouahad Chbihi and Maria Colonna and Mircea Dan Cozma and Veronica Dexheimer and Xin Dong and Travis Dore and Lipei Du and José A. Dueñas and Hannah Elfner and Wojciech Florkowski and Yuki Fujimoto and Richard J. Furnstahl and Alexandra Gade and Tetyana Galatyuk and Charles Gale and Frank Geurts and Fabiana Gramegna and Sašo Grozdanov and Kris Hagel and Steven P. Harris and Wick Haxton and Ulrich Heinz and Michal P. Heller and Or Hen and Heiko Hergert and Norbert Herrmann and Huan Zhong Huang and Xu-Guang Huang and Natsumi Ikeno and Gabriele Inghirami and Jakub Jankowski and Jiangyong Jia and José C. Jiménez and Joseph Kapusta and Behruz Kardan and Iurii Karpenko and Declan Keane and Dmitri Kharzeev and Andrej Kugler and Arnaud Le Fèvre and Dean Lee and Hong Liu and Michael A. Lisa and William J. Llope and Ivano Lombardo and Manuel Lorenz and Tommaso Marchi and Larry McLerran and Ulrich Mosel and Anton Motornenko and Berndt Müller and Paolo Napolitani and Joseph B. Natowitz and Witold Nazarewicz and Jorge Noronha and Jacquelyn Noronha-Hostler and Grażyna Odyniec and Panagiota Papakonstantinou and Zuzana Paulínyová and Jorge Piekarewicz and Robert D. Pisarski and Christopher Plumberg and Madappa Prakash and Jørgen Randrup and Claudia Ratti and Peter Rau and Sanjay Reddy and Hans-Rudolf Schmidt and Paolo Russotto and Radoslaw Ryblewski and Andreas Schäfer and Björn Schenke and Srimoyee Sen and Peter Senger and Richard Seto and Chun Shen and Bradley Sherrill and Mayank Singh and Vladimir Skokov and Michał Spaliński and Jan Steinheimer and Mikhail Stephanov and Joachim Stroth and Christian Sturm and Kai-Jia Sun and Aihong Tang and Giorgio Torrieri and Wolfgang Trautmann and Giuseppe Verde and Volodymyr Vovchenko and Ryoichi Wada and Fuqiang Wang and Gang Wang and Klaus Werner and Nu Xu and Zhangbu Xu and Ho-Ung Yee and Sherry Yennello and Yi Yin},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2301.13253},
year = {2024}
}
备注
White paper prepared for the 2023 Long Range Plan. v3: Updated version as published in Progress in Particle and Nuclear Physics. Note: the published version does not include the executive summary; in the updated arXiv version, the executive summary is included as an appendix. v4: Corrected list of authors