不均匀磁场中单极子环的约束机制

我们表明，在非平凡的空间变化磁场背景下，广义 Polyakov 机制可导致在 3+1 维度中进行弱耦合下的约束。 Depending on the magnitude of the field and the length scale of its spatial variation, the "dual" Schwinger mechanism for monopole-antimonopole pair creation may or may not be operative. At the threshold, monopole loops in the Euclidean description develop an almost flat direction. In this regime, confinement arises in a way similar to the 2+1 dimensional Polyakov mechanism and the monopoles and antimonopoles are effectively replaced by deconfined "bits" of a monopole loop.