源自白矮星可能潮汐瓦解的一例快速强 X 射线暂现源
高能天体物理现象
2025-12-24 v3
摘要
被黑洞捕获的恒星可能会被强潮汐力撕碎，产生电磁耀斑。迄今为止，已观测到 100 多起潮汐瓦解事件，它们无一例外地涉及普通气态恒星，其碎屑落入黑洞，使耀斑维持数年。白矮星是最普遍的致密星，密度是气态恒星的一百万倍，因此也更坚固，只能被 -- 太阳质量的中等质量黑洞瓦解。WD-TDE 被认为会产生更强大且更短命的耀斑，但一直缺乏相关证据。在此，我们报告 Einstein Probe 探测到的一例快速且明亮的 X 射线暂现源 EP250702a 的观测结果。其长达一天的 X 射线峰值亮度高达 erg/s，并表现出强烈的反复耀斑，其硬谱延伸至数十 MeV 伽马射线（由 Fermi/GBM 和 Konus-Wind 探测到），表明存在相对论性喷流辐射。该喷流的 X 射线在 20 天内（源静止系内 10 天）从 erg/s 骤降至约 erg/s。这些特征无法用任何已知的暂现现象解释，除非是在前所未有的短时标上演化的喷流 TDE，这表明一颗 WD 被 IMBH 瓦解。在演化后期，一个新的软成分逐渐主导 X 射线谱，表现出极端的超爱丁顿光度，可能起源于吸积盘。WD-TDE 为研究难以捉摸的 IMBH 及其周围恒星环境打开了一扇新窗口，并且它们是空间干涉仪频带内引力波的主要来源。
引用
@article{arxiv.2509.25877,
title = {A fast powerful X-ray transient from possible tidal disruption of a white dwarf},
author = {Dongyue Li and Wenda Zhang and Jun Yang and Jin-Hong Chen and Weimin Yuan and Huaqing Cheng and Fan Xu and Xinwen Shu and Rong-Feng Shen and Ning Jiang and Jiazheng Zhu and Chang Zhou and Weihua Lei and Hui Sun and Chichuan Jin and Lixin Dai and Bing Zhang and Yu-Han Yang and Wenjie Zhang and Hua Feng and Bifang Liu and Hongyan Zhou and Haiwu Pan and Mingjun Liu and Stephane Corbel and Sitha K. Jagan and Maria Cristina Baglio and Christopher R. Burns and Floriane Cangemi and Chun Chen and Yehao Cheng and Alexis Coleiro and Francesco Coti Zelati and Sourya R. Das and Zhongnan Dong and Luis Galbany and Noa Grollimund and Daniel Kelson and Dong Lai and Xia Li and Yuan Liu and Alessio Marino and Brenna Mockler and Paul O'Brien and Erlin Qiao and Nanda Rea and Resmi and Jérome Rodriguez and Richard Saxton and Luming Sun and Lian Tao and Tinggui Wang and Yilong Wang and Xuefeng Wu and Dong Xu and Yijia Zhang and Guoying Zhao and Congying Bao and Zhiming Cai and Yehai Chen and Yong Chen and Bertrand Cordier and Chenzhou Cui and Weiwei Cui and Zhou Fan and He Gao and Giancarlo Ghirlanda and Ju Guan and Dawei Han and Jinxin Hao and Jingwei Hu and Maohai Huang and Yong-Feng Huang and Shumei Jia and Ge Jin and Stefanie Komossa and Chengkui Li and Zhixing Ling and Congzhan Liu and Heyang Liu and Huaqiu Liu and Fangjun Lu and Kirpal Nandra and Jan-Uwe Ness and Arne Rau and Jeremy Sanders and Liming Song and Roberto Soria and Shengli Sun and Xiaojin Sun and Yuyin Tan and Eleonora Troja and Sixiang Wen and Haitao Xu and Changbin Xue and Yongquan Xue and Yi-Han Iris Yin and Chen Zhang and Shuang-Nan Zhang and Yonghe Zhang},
journal= {arXiv preprint arXiv:2509.25877},
year = {2025}
}
备注
submitted on 19 October 2025, accepted for publication in Science Bulletin on 12 December 2025