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We explore the relation between the rank of a bipartite density matrix and the existence of bound entanglement. We show a relation between the rank, marginal ranks, and distillability of a mixed state and use this to prove that any rank n…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Pawel Horodecki , John A. Smolin , Barbara M. Terhal , Ashish V. Thapliyal

We analyse the problem of distillation of entanglement of mixed states in higher dimensional compound systems. Employing the positive maps method [M. Horodecki et al., Phys. Lett. A 223 1 (1996)] we introduce and analyse a criterion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2008-02-03 Michal Horodecki , Pawel Horodecki

We introduce a formalism that connections entanglement witnesses and the distillation and activation properties of a state. We apply this formalism to two cases: First, we rederive the results presented in quant-ph/0104095 by Eggeling et…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 B. Kraus , M. Lewenstein , J. I. Cirac

We investigate separability and entanglement of mixed states in ${\cal C}^2\otimes{\cal C}^2\otimes{\cal C}^N$ three party quantum systems. We show that all states with positive partial transposes that have rank $\le N$ are separable. For…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 S. Karnas , M. Lewenstein

It is well known that any entangled mixed state in $2\otimes 2$ systems can be purified via infinite copies of the mixed state. But can one distill a pure maximally entangled state from finite copies of a mixed state in any bipartite system…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Ping-Xing Chen , Lin-Mei Liang , Cheng-Zu Li , Ming-Qiu Huang

It is shown that any separable state on Hilbert space ${\cal H}={\cal H}_1\otimes{\cal H}_2$, can be written as a convex combination of N pure product states with $N\leq (dim{\cal H})^2$. Then a new separability criterion for mixed states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-10-30 Pawel Horodecki

The separability and entanglement of quantum mixed states in $\Cb^2 \otimes \Cb^3 \otimes \Cb^N$ composite quantum systems are investigated. It is shown that all quantum states $\rho$ with positive partial transposes and rank $r(\rho)\leq…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 S. M. Fei , X. H. Gao , X. H. Wang , Z. X. Wang , K. Wu

We show that bipartite quantum states of any dimension, which do not have a positive partial transpose, become 1-distillable when one adds an infinitesimal amount of bound entanglement. To this end we investigate the activation properties…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 Karl Gerd H. Vollbrecht , Michael M. Wolf

We prove that all inseparable Gaussian states of two modes can be distilled into maximally entangled pure states by local operations. Using this result we show that a bipartite Gaussian state of arbitrarily many modes can be distilled if…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2013-05-29 G. Giedke , L. -M. Duan , J. I. Cirac , P. Zoller

We consider distillation of entanglement from two qubit states which are mixtures of three mutually orthogonal states: two pure entangled states and one pure product state. We distill entanglement from such states by projecting n copies of…

When a quantum system is distributed to spatially separated parties, it is natural to consider how the system evolves when the parties perform local quantum operations with classical communication (LOCC). However, the structure of LOCC…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2020-05-07 Eric Chitambar , Julio I. de Vicente , Mark W. Girard , Gilad Gour

A mixed quantum state shared between two parties is said to be distillable if, by means of a protocol involving only local quantum operations and classical communication, the two parties can transform some number of copies of that state…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-10 John Watrous

We provide generalizations of known two-qubit entanglement distillation protocols for arbitrary Hilbert space dimensions. The protocols, which are analogues of the hashing and breeding procedures, are adapted to bipartite quantum states…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2009-11-07 K. G. H. Vollbrecht , M. M. Wolf

Genuinely entangled subspaces are a class of subspaces in the multipartite Hilbert spaces that are composed of only genuinely entangled states. They are thus an interesting object of study in the context of multipartite entanglement. Here…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-02-15 Owidiusz Makuta , Błażej Kuzaka , Remigiusz Augusiak

Higher-dimensional quantum systems are attracting interest for improving quantum protocol performance by increasing memory space. Characterizing quantum resources of such systems is fundamental but experimentally costly. We tackle the first…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-02-24 Christian Candeago , Paolo Da Rold , Michele Grossi , Pawel Horodecki , Antonio Mandarino

Bipartite entangled quantum states with a positive partial transpose (PPT), i.e., PPT entangled states, are usually considered very weakly entangled. Since no pure entanglement can be distilled from them, they are also called bound…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-26 Károly F. Pál , Géza Tóth , Erika Bene , Tamás Vértesi

Bound entanglement is a special form of quantum entanglement that cannot be used for distillation, i.e., the local transformation of copies of arbitrarily entangled states into a smaller number of approximately maximally entangled states.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-08-01 Beatrix C. Hiesmayr , Christopher Popp , Tobias C. Sutter

Distilling highly entangled quantum states from weaker ones is a process that is crucial for efficient and long-distance quantum communication, and has implications for several other quantum information protocols. We introduce the notion of…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-10-17 Tamoghna Das , Asutosh Kumar , Amit Kumar Pal , Namrata Shukla , Aditi Sen De , Ujjwal Sen

In recent years considerable progress has been made towards developing a general theory of quantum entanglement. In particular, criteria to decide whether a given quantum state is entangled are of high theoretical and practical interest.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-01-27 Shruti Aggarwal

It is found that the problem of existence of bound entangled states with non-positive partial transpose (NPPT) has the intriguing relation to the Hilbert's 17th problem. More precisely, we compute the expectation value of the partially…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2010-07-13 Tohya Hiroshima