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A non-interactive ZK (NIZK) proof enables verification of NP statements without revealing secrets about them. However, an adversary that obtains a NIZK proof may be able to clone this proof and distribute arbitrarily many copies of it to…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2024-09-25 Ruta Jawale , Dakshita Khurana

We propose the first generalization of the famous Non-Interactive Zero-Knowledge (NIZK) proofs to quantum languages (NIZKoQS) and we provide a protocol to prove advanced properties on a received quantum state non-destructively and…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-12-11 Léo Colisson , Frédéric Grosshans , Elham Kashefi

We propose a proof of the security of EPR-based quantum key distribution against enemies with unlimited computational power. The proof holds for a protocol using interactive error-reconciliation scheme. We assume in this paper that the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Hitoshi Inamori

The round complexity of interactive proof systems is a key question of practical and theoretical relevance in complexity theory and cryptography. Moreover, results such as QIP = QIP(3) (STOC'00) show that quantum resources significantly…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-05-29 Alex B. Grilo , Philippe Lamontagne

A simple and unifying method to show the perfect error-correcting condition is provided based on the quantum mutual information. The one-to-one parameterization of quantum operations and the properties of the quantum relative entropy are…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Tomohiro Ogawa

We establish fundamental and general techniques for formal verification of quantum protocols. Quantum protocols are novel communication schemes involving the use of quantum-mechanical phenomena for representation, storage and transmission…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2007-05-23 Simon Gay , Rajagopal Nagarajan , Nikolaos Papanikolaou

We investigate how to determine whether the states of a set of quantum systems are identical or not. This paper treats both error-free comparison, and comparison where errors in the result are allowed. Error-free comparison means that we…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-06-26 Igor Jex , Erika Andersson , Anthony Chefles

Quantum coherence can be used to infer the presence of a detector without triggering it. Here we point out that, according to quantum mechanics, such interaction-free measurements cannot be perfect, i.e., in a single-shot experiment one has…

Quantum random number (QRNG) beacons distinguish themselves from classical counterparts by providing intrinsic unpredictability originating from the fundamental laws of quantum mechanics. Most demonstrations have focused on certifiable…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-08-30 Lac Nguyen , Jeevanandha Ramanathan , Michelle Mei Wang , Yong Meng Sua , Yuping Huang

We present a protocol which allows a client to have a server carry out a quantum computation for her such that the client's inputs, outputs and computation remain perfectly private, and where she does not require any quantum computational…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2012-02-22 Anne Broadbent , Joseph Fitzsimons , Elham Kashefi

As Artificial Intelligence (AI) systems, particularly those based on machine learning (ML), become integral to high-stakes applications, their probabilistic and opaque nature poses significant challenges to traditional verification and…

Software Engineering · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Filippo Scaramuzza , Giovanni Quattrocchi , Damian A. Tamburri

The intrinsic non-locality of correlations in Quantum Mechanics allow us to certify the behaviour of a quantum mechanism in a device independent way. In particular, we present a new protocol that allows an unbounded amount of randomness to…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-08-01 Brian Coyle , Matty J. Hoban , Elham Kashefi

Sharing correlated random variables is a resource for a number of information theoretic tasks such as privacy amplification, simultaneous message passing, secret sharing and many more. In this article, we show that to establish such a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2021-11-03 Tamal Guha , Mir Alimuddin , Sumit Rout , Amit Mukherjee , Some Sankar Bhattacharya , Manik Banik

Zero knowledge plays a central role in cryptography and complexity. The seminal work of Ben-Or et al. (STOC 1988) shows that zero knowledge can be achieved unconditionally for any language in NEXP, as long as one is willing to make a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-03-12 Alessandro Chiesa , Michael A. Forbes , Tom Gur , Nicholas Spooner

We propose a coin-flip protocol which yields a string of strong, random coins and is fully simulatable against poly-sized quantum adversaries on both sides. It can be implemented with quantum-computational security without any set-up…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2015-03-18 Carolin Lunemann , Jesper Buus Nielsen

While the amount of data produced and accumulated continues to advance at unprecedented rates, protection and concealment of data increase its prominence as a field of scientific study that requires more action. It is essential to protect…

Cryptography and Security · Computer Science 2023-02-14 Cansu Betin Onur

This paper considers a problem of quantum communication between parties that are connected through a network of quantum channels. The model in this paper assumes that there is no prior entanglement shared among any of the parties, but that…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2016-05-30 Hirotada Kobayashi , Francois Le Gall , Harumichi Nishimura , Martin Roetteler

The no-go theorem regarding unconditionally secure Quantum Bit Commitment protocols is a relevant result in quantum cryptography. Such result has been used to prove the impossibility of unconditional security for other protocols, such as…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2024-01-12 Silvia Onofri , Vittorio Giovannetti

The need for secrecy and security is essential in communication. Secret sharing is a conventional protocol to distribute a secret message to a group of parties, who cannot access it individually but need to cooperate in order to decode it.…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2017-01-16 Ioannis Kogias , Yu Xiang , Qiongyi He , Gerardo Adesso

Identifying non-classicality unambiguously and inexpensively is a long-standing open challenge in physics. The No-Signalling-In-Time protocol was developed as an experimental test for macroscopic realism, and serves as a witness of quantum…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2018-11-28 George C. Knee , Max Marcus , Luke D. Smith , Animesh Datta