Related papers: Improved Probability Method for Estimating Signal …
Cumulant mapping has been recently suggested [Frasinski, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 24, 207767 (2022)] as an efficient approach to observing multi-particle fragmentation pathways, while bypassing the restrictions of the usual…
The incorporation of systematic uncertainties into confidence interval calculations has been addressed recently in a paper by Conrad et al. (Physical Review D 67 (2003) 012002). In their work, systematic uncertainities in detector…
A method is presented for estimating the background at a given location on a sky map by interpolating the estimated background from a set of concentric annuli which surround this location. If the background is nonuniform but smoothly…
A probabilistic technique for the joint estimation of background and sources with the aim of detecting faint and extended celestial objects is described. Bayesian probability theory is applied to gain insight into the coexistence of…
A results of numerical procedure for construction of confidence intervals for parameter of Poisson distribution for signal in the presence of background which has Poisson distribution with known value of parameter are presented. It is shown…
When backgrounds are not well enough controlled to measure the value of some physical parameter, one may still obtain an upper limit on the parameter. A single experiment may have several detectors, each of which can alone be used to derive…
This article describes an efficient procedure for computing approximate confidence levels for searches for new particles where the expected signal and background levels are small enough to require the use of Poisson statistics. The results…
We present an algorithm which allows a fast numerical computation of Feldman-Cousins confidence intervals for Poisson processes, even when the number of background events is relatively large. This algorithm incorporates an appropriate…
Several experiments in high-energy physics and astrophysics can be treated as on/off measurements, where an observation potentially containing a new source or effect ("on" measurement) is contrasted with a background-only observation free…
This paper examines signal detection in the presence of noise, with a particular emphasis to the nuclear activation analysis. The problem is to decide what between the signal-plus-background and no-signal hypotheses fits better the data and…
In the report the approach to estimation of quality of planned experiments is considered. This approach is based on the analysis of uncertainty, which will take place under the future hypotheses testing about the existence of a new…
Background modelling is one of the main challenges in particle physics data analysis. Commonly employed strategies include the use of simulated events of the background processes, and the fitting of parametric background models to the…
We describe a novel approach to the detection and parameter estimation of a non\textendash Gaussian stochastic background of gravitational waves. The method is based on the determination of relevant statistical parameters using importance…
Finding upper limits on the rate of events from a proposed process in the presence of unknown backgrounds is an often encountered problem in the search for rare processes. Methods based on unusually large "gaps", or spacings, in the event…
Hypothesis tests for the presence of new sources of Poisson counts amidst background processes are frequently performed in high energy physics (HEP), gamma ray astronomy (GRA), and other branches of science. While there are conceptual…
The prevalence of null results in searches for new physics at the LHC motivates the effort to make these searches as model-independent as possible. We describe procedures for adapting the Matrix Element Method for situations where the…
This paper deals with the parametric inference for integrated signals embedded in an additive Gaussian noise and observed at deterministic discrete instants which are not necessarily equidistant. The unknown parameter is multidimensional…
Usually, equal time is given to measuring the background and the sample, or even a longer background measurement is taken as it has so few counts. While this seems the right thing to do, the relative error after background subtraction…
Higher cumulants of conserved charges are sensitive observables of quantum chromodynamics phase transitions. The sample of mixed events provides a background to estimate non-critical effects of cumulants. Four possible methods for…
A common situation in experimental physics is to have a signal which can not be separated from a non-interfering background through the use of any cut. In this paper, we describe a procedure for determining, on an event-by-event basis, a…