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Atom probe tomography (APT) helps elucidate the link between the nanoscale chemical variations and physical properties, but it has limited structural resolution. Field ion microscopy (FIM), a predecessor technique to APT, is capable of…
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is carried out in vacuum to minimize the interaction of the imaging electrons with gas molecules while passing through the microscope column. Nevertheless, in typical devices, the pressure remains at…
Nowadays, modern electron microscopes deliver images at atomic scale. The precise atomic structure encodes information about material properties. Thus, an important ingredient in the image analysis is to locate the centers of the atoms…
We present a very efficient and accurate method to simulate scanning tunneling microscopy images and spectra from first-principles density functional calculations. The wave-functions of the tip and sample are calculated separately on the…
The {\AA}ngstr\"om-sized probe of the scanning transmission electron microscope can visualize and collect spectra from single atoms. This can unambiguously resolve the chemical structure of materials, but not their isotopic composition.…
Tip functionalization in AFM allows imaging organic nano-structures with sub-molecular resolution. Here, recent progress by using atomically defined copper-oxide tips is discussed. With their outstanding rigidity and elemental selectivity…
High resolution Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM) and Scanning Tunnelling Microscopy (STM) imaging with functionalized tips is well established, but a detailed understanding of the imaging mechanism is still missing. We present a numerical…
Scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM) has advanced rapidly in the last decade thanks to the ability to correct the major aberrations of the probe forming lens. Now atomic-sized beams are routine, even at accelerating voltages as…
In scanning gate microscopy, where the tip of a scanning force microscope is used as a movable gate to study electronic transport in nanostructures, the shape and magnitude of the tip-induced potential are important for the resolution and…
Aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopes (STEM) enable to determine local strain fields, composition and bonding states at atomic resolution. The precision to locate atomic columns is often obstructed by scan…
The structure of single atoms in real space is investigated by scanning tunneling microscopy. Very high resolution is possible by a dramatic reduction of the tip-sample distance. The instabilities which are normally encountered when using…
This article reviews the new developments in Tip-enhanced Raman scattering (TERS). The fundamental mechanisms underlying the Raman enhancement are discussed, including the role of the plasmonic character of the metallic tips, the nature of…
Structured metallic tips are increasingly important for optical spectroscopies such as tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS), with plasmonic resonances frequently cited as a mechanism for electric field enhancement. We probe the local…
In cold atomic systems, fast and high-resolution microscopy of individual atoms is crucial, since it can provide direct information on the dynamics and correlations of the system. Here, we demonstrate nanosecond-scale two-dimensional…
Tip-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (TERS) has reached nanometer spatial resolution for measurements performed at ambient conditions and sub-nanometer resolution at ultra high vacuum. Super-resolution (beyond the tip apex diameter) TERS has…
The tunnel junction between tip and sample in a scanning tunneling microscope is an ideal platform to access the local density of states in the sample through the differential conductance. We show that the energy resolution that can be…
Scanning tunneling microscopes (STM) are used extensively for studying and manipulating matter at the atomic scale. In spite of the critical role of the STM tip, the control of the atomic-scale shape of STM tips remains a poorly solved…
Electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) performed with a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) allows for probing the spin excitation of single atomic species with MHz energy resolution. One of the basic applications of conventional EPR is the…
Scanning tunneling microscope (STM) is a powerful tool for studying the structural and electronic properties of materials at the atomic scale. The combination of low temperature and high magnetic field for STM and related spectroscopy…
Pushing the limits in temporal resolution for transmission electron microscopy (TEM) requires a revolutionary change in the electron source technology. In this paper we study the possibility of employing a radiofrequency photoinjector as…