Related papers: Low-temperature differential-thermal analysis to m…
Thermodynamics relies on the possibility to describe systems composed of a large number of constituents in terms of few macroscopic variables. Its foundations are rooted into the paradigm of statistical mechanics, where thermal properties…
It has been observed in both natural and man-made materials that volume sometimes decreases with increasing temperature. Though mechanistic understanding has been gained for some individual materials, a general answer to the question "Why…
A tabletop low-noise differential amplifer with a bandwidth of 100 kHz is presented. Low voltage drifts of the order of 100 nV/day are reached by thermally stabilizing relevant amplifer components. The input leakage current is below 100 fA.…
The time variation of entropy, as an alternative to the variance, is proposed as a measure of the diffusion rate. It is shown that for linear and time-translationally invariant systems having a large-time limit for the density, at large…
It is argued that a typical many body energy eigenstate has a well defined thermodynamic entropy and that individual eigenstates possess thermodynamic characteristics analogous to those of generic isolated systems. We examine large systems…
We present a novel experimental design for high sensitivity measurements of the electrical resistance of samples at high pressures (0-6GPa) and high temperatures (300-1000K) in a 'Paris-Edinburgh' type large volume press. Uniquely, the…
The study of critical phenomena and phase transitions is an important part of modern condensed matter physics. In this regard, the phenomenological Landau theory has been extraordinarily useful. Hereby we present an alternative theoretical…
Detailed experimental studies of the conductance of mesoscopic GaAs devices in the few-mode regime reveal a novel thermal effect: for temperatures up to at least 10 K the measured gate characteristics, i.e. conductance $G$ versus gate…
The ability to detect macroscopic changes is important for probing the behaviors of experimental many-body systems from the classical to the quantum realm. Although abrupt changes near phase boundaries can easily be detected, subtle…
The ratio of the depths of spectral lines is a powerful indicator of the effective temperature. The method based on this analysis is capable of discerning small temperature variations of individual stars. We apply this spectroscopic data…
We demonstrate a new method to directly manipulate the state of individual two-level systems (TLS) in phase qubits. It allows one to characterize the coherence properties of TLS using standard microwave pulse sequences, while the qubit is…
An AC susceptometer operating in the range of 10 Hz to 100 kHz and at room temperature is designed, built, calibrated and used to characterize the magnetic behaviour of coated magnetic nanoparticles. Other weakly magnetic materials (in…
We report a detailed analytic and numerical study of electronic thermal conductivity in d-wave superconductors. We compare theory of the cross over at low temperatures from T-dependence to T^3-dependence for increasing temperature with…
Nanoparticle Tracking Analysis (NTA) provides a simple method to determine individual nanoparticle size. However, because size quantification is based on the slowly converging statistical law of random event, its intrinsic error is large,…
This paper describes a simple method for estimating the strength of a thermal updraft from a Temp (i.e., a SkewT, Emagram, or similar) showing the temperature and dew point profile of the lower atmosphere. The data of the Temp can come from…
We define variational properties for dynamical systems with subexponential complexity, and study these properties in certain specific examples. By computing the value of slow entropy directly, we show that some subshifts are not…
In a physical system, changing parameters such as temperature can induce a phase transition: an abrupt change from one state of matter to another. Analogous phenomena have recently been observed in large language models. Typically, the task…
Deep level transient spectroscopy (DLTS) is used extensively to study defects in semiconductors. We demonstrate that great care should be exercised in interpreting activation energies extracted from DLTS as ionization energies. We show how…
We present a simple method for fast and cheap thermal analysis on supercooled glass-forming liquids. This "Thermalization Calorimetry" technique is based on monitoring the temperature and its rate of change during heating or cooling of a…
We analyze different microscopic RNA models at zero temperature. We discuss both the most simple model, that suffers a large degeneracy of the ground state, and models in which the degeneracy has been remove, in a more or less severe…