Related papers: Low-temperature differential-thermal analysis to m…
We study first-order phase transitions in a two-temperature system, where due to the time-scale separation all the basic thermodynamical quantities (free energy, entropy, etc) are well-defined. The sign of the latent heat is found to be…
After negative temperature is restated, we find that it will derive necessarily decrease of entropy. Negative temperature is based on the Kelvin scale and the condition dU>0 and dS<0. Conversely, there is also negative temperature for dU<0…
Knowledge of the ion temperature (Ti) is of key importance for determining heat fluxes to the divertor and plasma facing components, however data regarding this is limited compared to electron temperature (Te) data. Ti measurements at the…
We report a model-independent measurement of the entropy, energy, and critical temperature of a degenerate, strongly interacting Fermi gas of atoms. The total energy is determined from the mean square cloud size in the strongly interacting…
The extension of thermodynamic principles to active matter remains a challenge due to the non-equilibrium nature inherent to active systems. In this study, we introduce a framework to assess entropy in our minimal macroscopic experiment…
Detrend fluctuation analysis (DFA) has become a choice method for effective analysis of a broad variety of nonstationary signals. We show in the present article that, provided the nonstationary fluctuations occur at a large enough time…
Here, we propose a new tool to estimate the complexity of a time series: the entropy of difference (ED). The method is based solely on the sign of the difference between neighboring values in a time series. This makes it possible to…
The interpretation of the DAMA seasonal variation pattern as a Dark Matter (DM) effect rests on the assumption that all sources of variable background have been excluded from the measurement. We have identified an overlooked background that…
The linear response to temperature changes is derived for systems with overdamped stochastic dynamics. Holding both in transient and steady state conditions, the results allow to compute nonequilibrium thermal susceptibilities from…
Thermodynamic parameters such as temperature and pressure can be defined from the statistical behavior of a system. Therefore, thermal fluctuation is an inseparable characteristic of these parameters which eventually finds its way into…
The state of a sample during crystal growth from high temperature solutions is not accessible in conventional furnace systems. An optimization of the growth parameters often requires arduous trial and error procedures in particular in case…
We study symmetric nuclear matter at finite temperature, with particular emphasis on the liquid-gas phase transition. We use a standard covariance analysis to propagate statistical uncertainties from the density functional to the…
Thermal dynamics modeling has been a critical issue in building heating, ventilation, and air-conditioning (HVAC) systems, which can significantly affect the control and maintenance strategies. Due to the uniqueness of each specific…
The length-scale dependence of the dynamic entropy is studied in a molecular dynamics simulation of a binary Lennard-Jones liquid above the mode-coupling critical temperature $T_c$. A number of methods exist for estimating the entropy of…
Results of X-ray diffraction experiments on solid oxygen at low temperature and at pressures up to 10 GPa are presented.A careful sample preparation and annealing around 240 K allowed to obtain very good diffraction patterns in the…
Entropy is a quantity for counting physical degrees of freedom in a system. At a finite temperature, one can use thermal entropy to study thermodynamical properties. At zero temperature, entanglement entropy is expected to provide a…
Room-temperature and low-temperature (77 K) scanning tunneling spectroscopy (STS) and voltage-dependent scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) data are used to study the local electronic properties of the quasi-one-dimensional Si(557)-Au…
Topological data analysis (TDA) is a new emerging and powerful tool to understand the medium range structure ordering of multi-scale data. This study investigates the density anomalies observed during cooling of liquid silica from…
An experimental protocol which allows to perform conductance spectroscopy on organic molecules at low temperatures (T~30 K) has been developed. This extends the method of mechanically controlled break junctions which has recently…
We have simulated structure and dynamics of water in the grooves of a DNA duplex using moleculear dynamics simulations. We find signatures of a dynamical transition in both translational and orientational dynamics of water molecules in both…