Related papers: Is formal QED mathematically consistent?
In quantum electrodynamics, the quantitatively most successful theory in the history of science, intercharge forces obeying the inverse square law are due to the exchange of space-like virtual photons. The fundamental quantum process…
The appearance of terms, which are analogous to ones required for symmetry breaking, in Lagrangian of Ref. [1] is shown to be caused by gauge invariance of quantum electrodynamics (QED) and by inaccuracy of the cited author in the choice of…
The present paper is based upon equations obtained in an earlier paper by the author devoted to a new formulation of quantum electrodynamics. The equations describe the structure of the electron as well as its motion in external fields,…
Quantum theory is formulated as the uniquely consistent way to manipulate probability amplitudes. The crucial ingredient is a consistency constraint: if the amplitude of a quantum process can be computed in two different ways, the two…
Quantum systems are dynamic systems restricted by the principles of quantum mechanics (linearity of dynamic equations, linear transformation of the wave function etc.). One suggests to investigate the quantum systems simply as dynamic…
The excited states of a charged particle interacting with the quantized electromagnetic field and an external potential all decay, but such a particle should have a true ground state--one that minimizes the energy and satisfies the…
The fundamental principle of quantum mechanics is that the probabilities of physical outcomes are obtained from the intermediate states and processes of the interacting particles, considered as happening concurrently. When the interaction…
QED formulated in prescribed classical background electromagnetic fields is a standard framework for strong-field and laser\textendash matter interactions. It is usually treated as a theory modified by externally imposed fields, obscuring…
The structure of classical electrodynamics based on the variational principle together with causality and space-time homogeneity is analyzed. It is proved that in this case the 4-potentials are defined uniquely. On the other hand, the…
A formulation of classical electrodynamics on an energy-momentum background of constant, non-zero curvature is given. The procedure consists of taking the formulation of standard electrodynamics in the energy-momentum representation, and…
During the last decades there has been a relatively extensive attempt to develop the theory of stochastic electrodynamics (SED) with a view to establishing it as the foundation for quantum mechanics. The theory had several important…
We present an alternative formalism of quantum mechanics tailored to statistical ensemble in phase space. The purpose of our work is to show that it is possible to establish an alternative autonomous formalism of quantum mechanics in phase…
A general quantum theory encompassing Mechanics, Thermodynamics and irreversible dynamics is presented in two parts. The first part is concerned exclusively with the description of the states of any individual physical system. It is based…
Quantum electrodynamics (QED) with self-conjugated equations with spinor wave functions for fermion fields is considered. In the low order of the perturbation theory, matrix elements of some of QED physical processes are calculated. The…
The physical reasons in favour of a two dimensional topological model of quantum electrodynamics are discussed. It is shown that in accord with this model there is a new uncertainty relation for photon which is compatible with QED.
Quantum mechanics is essentially a statistical theory. Classical mechanics, however, is usually not viewed as being inherently statistical. Nevertheless, the latter can also be formulated statistically. Furthermore, a statistical…
The Standard Model of particle physics is built on the principle of local gauge symmetry. This work provides a pedagogical introduction for advanced undergraduates by using quantum electrodynamics (QED) as the simplest example of a gauge…
We study quantum electrodynamics (QED) in the light-front dynamical form by using null-plane causal perturbation theory. We establish the equivalence with instant dynamics for the scattering processes, whose normalization allows to…
The proof of gauge invariance of the quantum electrodynamics of photons and electrons does not apply directly to the quantum electrodynamics of photons, electrons, and nuclei because multi-electron atoms belong to the space of asymptotic…
Non-relativistic quantum mechanics for a free particle is shown to emerge from classical mechanics through an invariance principle under transformations that preserve the Heisenberg position-momentum inequality. These transformations are…