Related papers: On vector potential of the Coulomb gauge
To describe charged particles interacting with the quantized electromagnetic field, we point out the differences of working in the so-called generalized and the true Coulomb gauges. We find an explicit gauge transformation between them for…
I propose a method to calculate logarithmic interaction in two dimensions and coulomb interaction in three dimensions under periodic boundary conditions. This paper considers the case of a rectangular cell in two dimensions and an…
Maxwell's equations comprise both electromagnetic and gravitational fields. The transverse part of the vector potential belongs to magnetism, the longitudinal one is concerned with gravitation. The Coulomb gauge indicates that longitudinal…
The gauge-dependence of the one loop Coleman-Weinberg effective potential in scalar electrodynamics is resolved using a gauge-free approach not requiring any gauge-fixing of quantum fluctuations of the photon degrees of freedom. This leads…
To study ``physical'' gauges such as the Coulomb, light-cone, axial or temporal gauge, we consider ``interpolating'' gauges which interpolate linearly between a covariant gauge, such as the Feynman or Landau gauge, and a physical gauge.…
The Maxwell-Lorentz theory of electrodynamics cannot readily be applied to a system of point charges: the electromagnetic field is not well-defined at the position of a point charge, an energy conservation argument is not obvious, an…
At 2-loop order, Feynman integrals in the Coulomb gauge are divergent over the internal energy variables. Nevertheless, it is known how to calculate the effective action provided that the external gluon fields are all transverse. We show…
A new approach to the electroweak properties of two-particle composite systems is developed. The approach is based on the use of the instant form of relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics. The main novel feature of this approach is the new…
A new approach to the electroweak properties of two--particle composite systems is developed. The approach is based on the use of the instant form of relativistic Hamiltonian dynamics. The main novel feature of this approach is the new…
In this work, we promote the global $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ symmetry of the Schwarzian derivative to a local gauge symmetry. To achieve this, we develop a procedure that potentially can be generalized beyond the $SL(2,\mathbb{R})$ case: We first…
A simple argument is presented which, based on the minimal coupling Lagrangian for a many-body system, keeps the gauge invariance of the many-body Schr\"odinger equation with explicit Coulomb potential. The elimination of longitudinal…
Smooth vector fields on $\mathbb{R}^n$ can be decomposed into the sum of a gradient vector field and divergence-free (solenoidal) vector field under suitable hypotheses. This is called the Helmholtz-Hodge decomposition (HHD), which has been…
We show that in the lattice Hamiltonian limit all Coulomb gauge propagators are consistent with the Gribov-Zwanziger confinement mechanism, with an IR enhanced effective energy for quarks and gluons and a diverging ghost form factor…
In this paper, spinor and vector decomposition of SU(2) gauge potential are presented and their equivalence is constructed using a simply proposal. We also obtain the action of Faddeev nonlinear O(3) sigma model from the SU(2) massive gauge…
It is shown that a Coulomb potential using a running coupling slightly modified from the perturbative form can produce an interquark potential that appears nearly linear over a large distance range. Recent high-statistics SU(2) lattice…
We construct the general renormalizable actions for the scalar field and the gauge field at a Lifshitz point characterized by the dynamical critical exponent $z$. The Lorentz invariance is broken down in the UV region, but is recovered in…
Electromagnetic vector potential has physical significance in quantum mechanics as revealed by the Aharonov-Bohm effect for charged particles. However, till date it is thought that we cannot measure the vector potential directly as this is…
In this paper by using the method of point canonical transformation we find that the Coulomb and Kratzer potentials can be mapped to the Morse potential. Then we show that the P\"{o}schl-Teller potential type I belongs to the same subclass…
The need for a cutoff in the Lamb shift calculation suggests that high-energy virtual photons do not interact with real particles. In this paper, we assume that the creation of high-energy virtual particles is suppressed by a Boltzmann…
We provide sufficient conditions for the existence of periodic solutions of the of the Lorentz force equation, which models the motion of a charged particle under the action of an electromagnetic fields. The basic assumptions cover relevant…