Related papers: On vector potential of the Coulomb gauge
We propose a symmetry of the Dirac equation under the interchange of signs of eigenvalues of the Dirac's $K$ operator. We show that the only potential which obeys this requirement is the Coulomb one for both vector and scalar cases.
The connection is established between two different action principles for perfect fluids in the context of general relativity. For one of these actions, $S$, the fluid four--velocity is expressed as a sum of products of scalar fields and…
We identify a symplectic potential for general relativity in tetrad and connection variables that is fully gauge-invariant, using the freedom to add surface terms. When torsion vanishes, it does not lead to surface charges associated with…
We study self-dual SU(N) gauge field configurations on the 4 torus with twisted boundary conditions, known as fractional instantons. Focusing on the minimum non-zero action case, we generalize the constant field strength solutions…
By means of the Helmholtz theorem on the decomposition of vector fields, the angular momentum of the classical electromagnetic field is decomposed, in a general and manifestly gauge invariant manner, into a spin component and an orbital…
In this article, discrete variants of several results from vector calculus are studied for classical finite difference summation by parts operators in two and three space dimensions. It is shown that existence theorems for scalar/vector…
We present a general approach for the solution of the three-body problem for a general interaction, and apply it to the case of the Coulomb interaction. This approach is exact, simple and fast. It makes use of integral equations derived…
The action principle is used to derive, by an entirely algebraic approach, gauge transformations of the full vacuum-to-vacuum transition amplitude (generating functional) from the Coulomb gauge to arbitrary covariant gauges and in turn to…
We extend previous work [arXiv:1908.09095] to the case of Maxwell's equations with a source. Our work shows how to construct a retarded vector potential for the Maxwell field on the Kerr-Newman background in a radiation gauge. As in our…
The time-dependent, geometric method for high-energy limits and inverse scattering is applied to nonrelativistic quantum particles in external electromagnetic fields. Both the Schr"odinger- and the Pauli equations in R^2 and R^3 are…
Minimizing the Action integral of a Lagrangian provides the Euler-Lagrange equation of motion in the elegant machinery of Lagrangian Mechanics. However two relations define the divergence of current and energy-momentum, and provide an…
It is shown that a nonrelativistic mechanical system involving a general nonrelativistic potential V(|r1-r2|) between point particles at positions r1 and r2 can be extended to a Lagrangian system which is invariant under Lorentz…
Local gauge symmetries cannot break spontaneously, according to Elitzur's theorem, but this leaves open the possibility of breaking some global subgroup of the local gauge symmetry, which is typically the gauge symmetry remaining after…
We test the capability of state-of-the-art lattice techniques for a precise determination of relativistic corrections to the static interquark potential, by use of SU(2) gauge theory. Emphasis is put on the short range structure of the spin…
We present a gauge-invariant effective action for the Abelian Higgs model (scalar electrodynamics) with a chemical potential $\mu$ on a 1+1 dimensional lattice. This formulation provides an expansion in the hopping parameter $\kappa$ which…
We consider an electron model of superconductivity on a three-dimensional lattice where there are on-site attractive Hubbard interaction and long-range repulsive Coulomb interaction. It is claimed that fully gapped $s$-wave…
Separation of the spin and orbital angular momenta of the electromagnetic field has been discussed frequently in recent years. The spin and orbital angular momenta cannot be made simultaneously gauge invariant and Lorentz covariant and are…
The one-loop effective potential in $2D$ dilaton gravity in conformal gauge on the topologically non-trivial plane $\reals \times S^1$ and on the hyperbolic plane $H^2/\Gamma$ is calculated. For arbitrary choice of the tree scalar potential…
The notion of inertial reference frame is abandoned and I replaced it by a local reference frame on which the fundamental law of mechanics is expressed. The distant interactions of cause and effect are modeled by the propagation of waves…
Within the framework of macroscopic quantum electrodynamics, the resonant van der Waals potential experienced by an excited two-level atom near a planar magneto-electric two-layer system consisting of a slab of left-handed material and a…