Related papers: The spin of the mu-mesons
The rest masses of the stable mesons and baryons and the rest masses of their antiparticles, as well as the rest masses of the mu (+,-) and tau (+,-) leptons can be explained, within 1% accuracy, with the standing wave model, which uses…
It is shown that the spin of pi (0), eta, Lambda, Sigma (+,-,0), Xi (-,0), Lambda-c (+), Sigma-c (0), Xi-c (0), and Omega-c (0) mesons and baryons can be explained by the sum of the angular momentum vectors and spin vectors of the…
Lattice theory is used to explain the rest masses of the stable mesons and baryons and their spin. From the mass of the charged pi-mesons follows the mass of the muons. From the mass of the muons follows the mass of the electron. We do not…
Only photons are needed to explain the masses of the pi(0), eta, Lambda, Sigma(0), Xi(0), Omega(-), Lambda(c,+), Sigma(c,0), Xi(c,0), and Omega(c,0) mesons and baryons. Only neutrinos are needed to explain the mass of the pi(+-) mesons.…
The difference of the rest masses m(pi^+-) - m(mu^+-) is nearly equal to 1/4 of the rest mass of the pi^(+-) mesons and is equal to the sum of the rest masses of the 0.7 times 10^9 muon neutrinos (respectively anti-muon neutrinos) which are…
We have determined theoretically the rest mass of the muon neutrino at 50 milli-eV and the rest mass of the electron neutrino at 5 meV, as well as, to 1% accuracy, the ratio of the masses of the stable elementary particles which decay by…
We will show that one half of the rest mass of the electron is equal to the sum of the rest masses of electron neutrinos and that the other half of the rest mass of the electron is given by the energy in the sum of electric oscillations.…
The rest masses of the electron, the muon and of the stable mesons and baryons can be explained, within 1% accuracy, with the standing wave model, which uses only photons, neutrinos, charge and the weak nuclear force. We do not need…
The intrinsic angular momentum, or spin, is a cornerstone of modern physics with profound applications from nuclear magnetic resonance to spintronics. While its mathematical structure within quantum theory is well-defined, its fundamental…
We have shown previously that the mass of the muon neutrino can be determined from the energy released in the decay of the pi (+-) mesons, and that the mass of the electron neutrino can be determined from the energy released in the decay of…
The calculation of the $\mu$ decay is performed in V-A theory taking into account that, in agreement with the observation of the oscillations, the neutrinos must be massive. Provided that the masses of the electron and muon neutrinos are…
The effects of a paritcle's spin and electric charge on its angular momentum, energy and radius on the innermost stable circular orbit are investigated based on the particle's equations of motion in a background of the Kerr-Newmann…
The state of a particle in space and time is characterized by its mass and spin, which therefore determine the inertial properties of the particle. The coupling of intrinsic spin with rotation is examined and the corresponding inertial…
We derive exact expressions, in the form of Fourier integrals over the (k,w) domain, for the energy, momentum, and angular momentum of a light pulse propagating in free space. The angular momentum is seen to split naturally into two parts.…
We determine within lattice QCD, the nucleon spin carried by valence and sea quarks, and gluons. The calculation is performed using an ensemble of gauge configurations with two degenerate light quarks with mass fixed to approximately…
The current status of Mach's principle is discussed within the context of general relativity. The inertial properties of a particle are determined by its mass and spin, since these characterize the irreducible unitary representations of the…
Starting from covariant expressions, a gauge independent separation of orbital and spin angular momentum for electrodynamics is presented. This results from the non-symmetric canonical energy momentum tensor of the electromagnetic field.…
The notion of the spin is shown to have two constituents, as exemplified by the spin of the electron. The first one is related to the form of the wave equation and determines the fermion or boson particle type. This implies the spin taking…
Magnetic moments of charged and neutral mesons are calculated with the use of the relativistic Hamiltonian derived from the path integral form of the $q_1\bar q_2$ Green's function. The magnetic moments are shown to be expressed via the…
Angular momenta of electromagnetic waves are important both in concepts and applications. In this work, we systematically discuss two types of angular momenta, i.e., spin angular momentum and orbital angular momentum in various cases, e.g.,…