Related papers: The periodic table of elementary particles
Recent observations of exotic hadrons have stimulated the theoretical investigation of the internal structure of hadrons. While all hadrons are ultimately composed of quarks and gluons bound by the strong interaction, quark clustering…
A new approach to description of hadron spectroscopy is proposed. By assumption, the form of spectrum is dictated by the trace of energy momentum tensor in QCD. This provides the relativistic and renormalization invariance of hadron masses.…
The rest masses of the electron, the muon and of the stable mesons and baryons can be explained, within 1% accuracy, with the standing wave model, which uses only photons, neutrinos, charge and the weak nuclear force. We do not need…
We investigate a spectrum of the low-energy composite particles with the quantum numbers $J^p=0^\pm,\frac {1}{2}^\pm$ in a $SU_{F}(3)$ model of hadron supersymmetry. We derive the mass spectrum of two, three and four-quark states and…
We treat the mass of a proton as the total static energy which can be separated into two parts that come from the contribution of quarks and gluons respectively. We adopt the essential of the bag model of hadron to discuss the structure of…
The top quark is the heaviest elementary particle known and its mass ($m_{\rm top}$) is a fundamental parameter of the Standard Model (SM). The $m_{\rm top}$ value affects theory predictions of particle production cross-sections required…
An alternative approach to the Standard Model is outlined, being motivated by the increasing theoretical and experimental difficulties encountered by this model, which furthermore fails to be unitary. In particular, the conceptual…
Using a self-consistent quark model for nuclear matter we investigate variations of the masses of the non-strange vector mesons, the hyperons and the nucleon in dense nuclear matter (up to four times the normal nuclear density). We find…
It is supposed that the electron neutrino mass is related to the structures and masses of the $W^\pm$ and $Z^0$ bosons. Using a composite model of fermions (described elsewhere), it is shown that the massless neutrino is not consistent with…
Using the gauge/gravity duality, we calculate the electromagnetic contributions to hadron masses, where mass generates dynamically by strong QCD interactions. Based on the Sakai-Sugimoto model of holographic QCD we find that the…
Hadron masses can be decomposed as a sum of components which are defined through hadronic matrix elements of QCD operators. The components consist of the quark mass term, the quark energy term, the glue energy term and the trace anomaly…
Visible matter is characterised by a single mass scale; namely, the proton mass. The proton's existence and structure are supposed to be described by quantum chromodynamics (QCD); yet, absent Higgs boson couplings, chromodynamics is scale…
We derive empirical relationships among elementary fermion masses based on relatively simple exponential formulae involving quantum numbers for the electromagnetic and strong interactions, with a weak correction factor motivated by a simple…
Hadron masses are shown to be separable in QCD into contributions of quark and gluon kinetic and potential energies, quark masses, and the trace anomaly. The separation is based on a study of the structure of the QCD energy-momentum tensor…
The absolute neutrino masses and type of neutrino mass hierarchy are among the main problems in neutrino physics. Top-quark mass is another topical problem in particle physics. These problems extend the old puzzle of electron-muon mass…
This paper belongs to a series devoted to the calculation of particle masses in p-adic conformal field theory limit of TGD. In paper III elementary particle masses were calculated. In this paper the results are analyzed. One can reproduce…
A method for quantization of the proton mass is here addressed, which provides a plausible explanation for the origin of mass and leads to the unification of mass and electric charge through their coupling. By means of an electromagnetic…
The size of the stable elementary particles is investigated with the standing wave model. The particle size follows from the magnitude of the radiation pressure. It is shown that the outward directed radiation pressure is balanced by the…
The quark-gluon sea in the hadrons is considered as periodically correlated. Energy levels of Shrodinger equation with harmonic potential is used for describing of the spectrum of hadron masses. In the considered cases the effective…
It is shown that the postulation of a minimum length for the horizons of a black hole leads to lower bounds for the electric charges and magnetic moments of elementary particles. If the minimum length has the order of the Planck scale,…