Related papers: Finding Almost Squares II
In this note we formulate some questions in the study of approximations of reals by rationals of the form a/b^2 arising in theory of Shr"odinger equations. We hope to attract attention of specialists to this natural subject of number…
In this paper, we obtain a lower bound for the number of primes $p\leq x$ such that $p-1$ is a sum of two squares and $p+2$ has a bounded number of prime factors. The proof uses the vector sieve framework, involving a semi-linear sieve and…
We investigate integer numbers which possess at the same time the properties to be triangulars and squares, that are, numbers $a$ for which do exist integers $m$ and $n$ such that $ a = n^2 = \frac{m \cdot (m+1)}{2} $. In particular, we are…
In this paper, we will first summarize known results concerning continued fractions. Then we will limit our consideration to continued fractions of quadratic numbers. The second author described periods and sometimes precise form of…
The aim of this paper is to present the main constructions of the substructures of an almost groupoid and to discuss their basic properties. The definitions and properties concerning these new algebraic constructions extend to almost…
Rational approximations to a square root $\sqrt{k}$ can be produced by iterating the transformation $f(x) = (dx+k)/(x+d)$ starting from $\infty$ for any positive integer $d$. We show that these approximations coincide infinitely often with…
We establish formulas for the constant factor in several asymptotic estimates related to the distribution of integer and polynomial divisors. The formulas are then used to approximate these factors numerically.
We consider the problem of simultaneous approximation to a number and to its square in a general framework that encompasses imaginary quadratic number fields and fields of rational functions in one variable. In this context, we construct…
This article shows that on a closed interval $[a,b]$ a continuous function may be approximated to an arbitrary degree of accuracy using scattered translates of the general multiquadric $(x^2+c^2)^{k-1/2}$.
We consider so-called squaring the square-puzzles where a given square (or rectangle) should be dissected into smaller squares. For a specific instance of such problems we demonstrate that a mathematically rigorous solution can be quite…
A (positive definite integral) quadratic form is called almost 2-universal if it represents all (positive definite integral) binary quadratic forms except those in only finitely many equivalence classes. Oh [7] determined all almost…
An abelian square is the concatenation of two words that are anagrams of one another. A word of length $n$ can contain $\Theta(n^2)$ distinct factors that are abelian squares. We study infinite words such that the number of abelian square…
In this paper we propose a new approach to least squares approximation problems. This approach is based on partitioning and Schur function. The nature of this approach is combinatorial, while most existing approaches are based on algebra…
A traditional "Farmer Ted" calculus problem is to minimize the perimeter of a rectangular chicken coop given the area N, so that as little as possible will be spent on the fencing. But what if N is an integer, and we are only allowed to…
This paper is concerned with the problem of finding two sets of integers, $\{a_1, a_2, \ldots$, $a_m\}$ and $\{b_1, b_2, \ldots, b_n\}$, such that all the $mn$ sums $a_i+b_j, i=1, \ldots, m, j=1, \ldots, n$, are perfect squares. A method is…
We give a geometric approach to integer factorization. This approach is based on special approximations of segments of the curve that is represented by $y=n/x$, where $n$ is the integer whose factorization we need.
We show how to compute the edit distance between two strings of length n up to a factor of 2^{\~O(sqrt(log n))} in n^(1+o(1)) time. This is the first sub-polynomial approximation algorithm for this problem that runs in near-linear time,…
In this paper, we study the variance of the number of squarefull numbers in short intervals. As a result, we are able to prove that, for any $0 < \theta < 1/2$, almost all short intervals $(x, x + x^{1/2 + \theta}]$ contain about…
In this paper we propose a variant of the linear least squares model allowing practitioners to partition the input features into groups of variables that they require to contribute similarly to the final result. The output allows…
We study a general class of multiplicative functions by relating "short averages" to its "long average". More precisely, we estimate asymptotically the variance of such a class of functions in short intervals using Fourier analysis and…