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Decision problems in physics have been an active field of research for quite a few decades resulting in some interesting findings in recent years. However, such research investigations are based on a priori knowledge of theoretical computer…
We study conditions under which integer sequences with independent, identically distributed gaps are asymptotically $k$-complete, meaning that every sufficiently large integer can be represented as the sum of exactly $k$ distinct elements…
Non-positive at infinity valuations are a class of real plane valuations which have a nice geometrical behavior. They are divided in three types. We study the dual graphs of non-positive at infinity valuations and give an algorithm for…
For any countable group $\Gamma$ satisfying the ``weak Rohlin property'', and for any dynamical property, the set of $\Gamma$-actions with that property is either residual or meager. The class of groups with the weak Rohlin property…
Quantum states that remain separable (i.e., not entangled) under any global unitary transformation are known as absolutely separable and form a convex set. Despite extensive efforts, the complete characterization of this set remains largely…
Adiabatic quantum computation, based on the adiabatic theorem, is a promising alternative to conventional quantum computation. The validity of an adiabatic algorithm depends on the existence of a nonzero energy gap between the ground and…
We define spectral gap actions of discrete groups on von Neumann algebras and study their relations with invariant states. We will show that a finitely generated ICC group $\Gamma$ is inner amenable if and only if there exist more than one…
We investigate near-ring properties that generalize nearfield properties about units. We study zero symmetric near-rings $N$ with identity with two interrelated properties: the units with zero form an additive subgroup of $(N,+)$; the units…
We provide a theory to establish the existence of nonzero solutions of perturbed Hammerstein integral equations with deviated arguments, being our main ingredient the theory of fixed point index. Our approach is fairly general and covers a…
Suppose $a^2 (a^2 + 1)$ divides $b^2 (b^2 + 1)$ with $b > a$. In this paper, we improve a previous result and prove a gap principle, without any additional assumptions, namely $b \gg a (\log a)^{1/8} / (\log \log a)^{12}$. We also obtain $b…
We prove a lemma that is useful to get upper bounds for the number of partitions without a given subsum. From this we can deduce an improved upper bound for the number of sets represented by the (unrestricted or into unequal parts)…
We consider the notion of multiple gap as a finite set of ideals that cannot be separated. We study the different types of such objects that can be found in the Boolean algebra of subsets of the natural numbers modulo finite sets.
There exists a set $A$ of positive integers such that the number of representations of a large positive integer $m$ as a sum of two elements of $A$ grows with a lower bound of order $\log m$, but for which there is no subset $D$ of $A$…
Index theorem is formulated in noncommutative geometry with finite degrees of freedom by using Ginsparg-Wilson relation. It is extended to the case where the gauge symmetry is spontaneously broken. Dynamical analysis about topological…
Over the last years, minimization problems over spaces of measures have received increased interest due to their relevance in the context of inverse problems, optimal control and machine learning. A fundamental role in their numerical…
We look at the Equivalence Theorem as a statement about the absence of polynomial infrared divergences when $m_W \rightarrow 0$. We prove their absence in a truncated toy model and conjecture that, if they exist at all, they are due to…
We note that the proof of the no-go theorem of unconditionally secure quantum bit commitment is based on a model which is not universal. For protocols not described by the model, this theorem does not apply. Using unstable particles and a…
The nature of a physical law is examined, and it is suggested that there may not be any fundamental dynamical laws. This explains the intrinsic indeterminism of quantum theory. The probabilities for transition from a given initial state to…
We say that a C*-algebra is nowhere scattered if none of its quotients contains a minimal open projection. We characterize this property in various ways, by topological properties of the spectrum, by divisibility properties in the Cuntz…
Assuming $\mathfrak b = \mathfrak c$ (or some weaker statement), we construct a compactification $\gamma\omega$ of $\omega$ such that its remainder $\gamma\omega\setminus\omega$ is nonseparable and carries a strictly positive measure.