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Gravity, and the puzzle regarding its energy, can be understood from a gauge theory perspective. Gravity, i.e., dynamical spacetime geometry, can be considered as a local gauge theory of the symmetry group of Minkowski spacetime: the…
The energy of gravitating systems has been an issue since Einstein proposed general relativity: considered to be ill defined, having no proper local density. Energy-momentum is now regarded as \emph{quasi-local} (associated with a closed…
We compute the combined effect of confinement, an external magnetic field and temperature on the vacuum of the charged scalar field using Schwinger's formula for the effective action in the imaginary time formalism. The final result…
This paper contains a collection of essays on nonlocal phenomena in quantum field theory, gravity and cosmology. Mechanisms of nonlocal contributions to the quantum effective action are discussed within the covariant perturbation expansion…
Thermofield dynamics has proven to be a very useful theory in high-energy physics, particularly since it permits the treatment of both time- and temperature-dependence on an equal footing. We here show that it also has an excellent…
We develop a consistent stochastic thermodynamics for environments composed of thermodynamic reservoirs in an external conservative force field, that is environments described by the Generalized or Gibbs canonical ensemble. We demonstrate…
Examples of irreversible thermodynamic theory of nonlocal phenomena are given, based on generalized entropy current. Thermodynamic currents and forces are identified to derive the Guyer-Krumhansl and Cahn-Hilliard equations. In the latter…
A one-dimensional Schr\"odinger equation with position-dependent effective mass in the kinetic energy operator is studied in the framework of an $so(2,1)$ algebra. New mass-deformed versions of Scarf II, Morse and generalized…
We argue that an effective field theory of local fluid elements captures the constraints on hydrodynamic transport stemming from the presence of quantum anomalies in the underlying microscopic theory. Focussing on global current anomalies…
We construct the covariant nonlocal action for recently suggested long-distance modifications of gravity theory motivated by the cosmological constant and cosmological acceleration problems. This construction is based on the special…
The explicit expressions for the one-loop non-perturbative corrections to the gravitational effective action induced by a scalar field on a stationary gravitational background are obtained both at zero and finite temperatures. The…
New terms are derived for the three-dimensional effective action of the static modes of pure gauge SU(N) at high temperature. In previous works, effective vertices have been obtained by evaluating diagrams involving 2, 3 or 4 external…
Based on the Schrodinger equation, exact expressions for the non-relativistic particle energy in the local external field and the external field potential are derived as inhomogeneous density functionals. On this basis, it is shown that,…
We prove that certain nonlocal functionals defined on partitions made of measurable sets Gamma-converge to a local functional modeled on the perimeter in the sense of De Giorgi. Those nonlocal functionals involve generalized surface tension…
The canonical energy-momentum tensor is often considered as a purely academic object because of its gauge dependence. However, it has recently been realized that canonical quantities can in fact be defined in a gauge-invariant way provided…
We develop a formulation of particle mechanics in which the functional relation between force and kinetic energy is derived directly from local conservation mechanical energy $E$, rather than postulated through Newton's second law or a…
The dynamics of active particles is of interest at many levels and is the focus of theoretical and experimental research. There have been many attempts to describe the dynamics of particles affected by random active forces in terms of an…
Assuming that the energy of a gas depends non-locally on the logarithm of its mass density, the body force in the resulting equation of motion consists of the sum of density gradient terms. Truncating this series after the second term,…
Firstly, nonlocal field theories will be motivated, primarily in the gravity sector. We discuss how nonlocal theories of gravity can circumvent typical problems of finitely-many higher derivative theories and can, among other things, be…
Recently, we proposed a non-local relativistic formulation of MOND (Modified Newtonian Dynamics). The equations of motion were not derived, rather they were inferred from the result one would obtain by using the Schwinger-Keldysh formalism.…