Related papers: Entropy gap and time asymmetry II
Motivated by the notion that the mathematics of gravity can be reproduced from a statistical requirement of maximal entropy, we study the consequence of introducing an entropic source term in the Einstein-Hilbert action. For a spatially…
We study the entropy production rate in systems described by linear Langevin equations, containing mixed even and odd variables under time reversal. Exact formulas are derived for several important quantities in terms only of the means and…
For a system moving away from equilibrium, we express the entropy production via a two-point correlation function for any time and any distance from equilibrium. The long-time limit gives the sum of the Lyapunov exponents for a general…
We discuss the entropy generation in quantum tunneling of a relativistic particle under the influence of a time varying force with the help of squeezing formalism. It is shown that if one associates classical coarse grained entropy to the…
We study the collective vibrational excitations of crystals under out-of-equilibrium steady conditions that give rise to entropy production. Their excitation spectrum comprises equilibrium-like phonons of thermal origin and additional…
The results of a previous paper by the author [Astrophys. J. 470, 43 (1996) are improved, through a more reliable technique for finding the location of sources whose images are on the surface of last scattering.
Vast amounts of entropy are produced in black hole formation, and the amount of entropy stored in supermassive black holes at the centers of galaxies is now much greater than the entropy free in the rest of the universe. Either mergers…
The entropy of the observable universe is increasing. Thus, at earlier times the entropy was lower. However, the cosmic microwave background radiation reveals an apparently high entropy universe close to thermal and chemical equilibrium. A…
The second half of this essay tells the story of the genesis and early development of the notion of black hole entropy, in the style of an after dinner talk (apart from a long technical footnote). The first half sketches the development of…
Non-reciprocal interactions are present in many systems out of equilibrium. The rate of entropy production is a measure that quantifies the time irreversibility of a system, and thus how far it is from equilibrium. In this work, we…
We study the entropy production in non-equilibrium quantum systems without dissipation, which is generated exclusively by the spontaneous breaking of time-reversal invariance. Systems which preserve the total energy and particle number and…
The second law of nonequilibrium thermodynamics within the open system paradigm (a small system coupled to one or multiple baths) is derived. This is done by showing positivity of entropy production for arbitrary Hamiltonian dynamics for a…
*First-principles derivation of the entropy production in erectric static conduction. *The second-order (symmetric) density matrix contributes to the entropy production. *New schemes of steady states formulated using a relaxation-type von…
We present an exact relationship between the entropy production and the distinguishability of a process from its time-reverse, quantified by the relative entropy between forward and backward states. The relationship is shown to remain valid…
The hotness of the sun and the coldness of the outer space are inexhaustible thermodynamic resources for human beings. From a thermodynamic point of view, any energy conversion systems that receive energy from the sun and/or dissipate…
We consider a wide class of linear stochastic problems driven off the equilibrium by a multiplicative asymmetric force. The force brakes detailed balance, maintained otherwise, thus producing entropy. The large deviation function of the…
There is a relation between the irreversibility of thermodynamic processes as expressed by the breaking of time-reversal symmetry, and the entropy production in such processes. We explain on an elementary mathematical level the relations…
If two particles collide in the vicinity of a black hole horizon, their center of mass energy is practically unlimited, so another black hole with a large mass and thus entropy can be created. The resulting black hole can then merge with…
We consider the generation of entropy when particle pairs are created at a cosmological level. Making a reduction via the particle number basis, we compute the classical limit for the entropy generation due to the evolution of the matter…
According to the second law of thermodynamics, the arrow of time points to an ever increasing entropy of the Universe. However, exactly how the entropy evolves with time and what drives the growth remain largely unknown. Here, for the first…