Related papers: Entropy gap and time asymmetry II
The flux of neutrinos and photons originating from cosmic ray interactions with the interstellar medium in the galaxy is calculated based on current models for high energy particle interactions. The contribution from a possible dark matter…
The origin of the Galactic Center gamma-ray excess has not been conclusively determined after over a decade of careful study. The two most widely discussed possibilities are a population of millisecond pulsars (MSPs), and annihilation of…
Expanding the black hole thermodynamics from the horizon to achronal Cauchy hypersurface, the general relation between the Einstein equation and thermodynamics is established. Starting from trivial entropy that is generalized by…
Cosmic ray accelerators like supernova and hypernova remnants in star forming galaxies are one of the most plausible sources of the IceCube observed diffuse astrophysical neutrinos. The neutrino producing hadronic processes will also…
The physics of stars, their workings and their evolution, is a goldmine of problems in statistical mechanics and thermodynamics. We discuss many examples that illustrate the possibility of deepening student's knowledge of statistical…
The latest results from PAMELA and FERMI experiments confirm the necessity to improve theoretical models of production and propagation of galactic electrons and positrons. There are many possible explanations for the positron excess…
This paper has a flaw in an argument that uses the weak-* convergence of measures. The paper was replaced by "Entropy and Its Variational Principle for Locally Compact Metrizable Systems", by the same authors.
Entropy production is often used as a proxy for energy consumption of a non-equilibrium system. Lower bounds can be estimated from coarse-grained observations, and this has been done for various biological systems. Here, we apply these…
We review recent progress in understanding certain aspects of the thermodynamics of black holes and other horizons. Our discussion centers on various ``entropy bounds'' which have been proposed in the literature and on the current…
I give a brief discussion of possible sources of high energy neutrinos of astrophysical origin over the energy range from $\sim 10^{12}$ eV to $\sim 10^{25}$ eV. In particular I shall review predictions of the diffuse neutrino intensity.…
In this work, with the help of fractional calculus, it is shown a time dependence of entropy more general than the well known Pesin relation is derived. Here the equiprobability postulate is not assumed, the system dynamic in the phase…
This letter reports two moment extensions of the entropy of a distribution. By understanding the traditional entropy as the average of the original distribution up to a random variable transformation, the traditional moments equation become…
Standard calculations suggest that the entropy of our universe is dominated by black holes, whose entropy is of order their area in Planck units, although they comprise only a tiny fraction of its total energy. Statistical entropy is the…
Entropy, its production, and its change in a dynamical system can be understood from either a fully stochastic dynamic description or from a deterministic dynamics exhibiting chaotic behavior. By taking the former approach based on the…
Using as dynamical variable the square of the radius of the Universe, we solve analytically the Einstein equations in the framework of Robertson-Walker models where a cosmological constant describing phenomenologically the vacuum energy…
Microscopic formula to describe the entropy of biomolecular solutions are derived based on the Gibbs formula of entropy, and the generalized Langevin theory combined with the RISM/3D-RISM theory. Two formula are derived: one is concerned…
When a star collapses to form a black hole, its entropy increases considerably, for a solar mass black hole, there is a factor of 1019 increase in entropy. This corresponds to a tremendous loss of information as only the total mass, angular…
We consider an explicit example of a process, where the entropy carried by radiation through an accelerating two-plane is proportional to the decrease in the area of that two-plane even when the two-plane is not a part of any horizon of…
Recent analyses of the anisotropy of cosmic rays at $10^{18}$ eV (the AGASA and SUGAR data) show significant excesses from regions close to the Galactic Centre and Cygnus. Our aim is to check whether such anisotropies can be caused by…
The chemical abundances of metal-poor stars provide a great deal of information regarding the individual nucleosynthetic processes that created the observed elements and the overall process of chemical enrichment of the galaxy since the…