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Many tissues take the form of thin sheets, being only a single cell thick, but millions of cells wide. These tissue sheets can bend and buckle in the third dimension. In this work, we investigated the growth and shrinkage of suspended and…

Biological Physics · Physics 2024-11-01 Hiroshi Noguchi , Jens Elgeti

We study the deformation of a liquid interface with arbitrary principal curvatures by a flat circular sheet. Working first at small slopes, we determine the shape of the sheet analytically in the membrane limit, where the sheet is…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-06-03 Zachariah S. Schrecengost , Seif Hejazine , Jordan V. Barrett , Vincent Démery , Joseph D. Paulsen

Thin elastic two-dimensionnal systems under compressive stresses may relieve part of their stretching energy by developing out of plane undulations. We investigate experimentally and theoretically the indentation of an elastic disk…

Classical Physics · Physics 2023-05-26 Tristan Suzanne , Julien Deschamps , Marc Georgelin , Gwenn Boedec

Collective cell motions underlie structure formation during embryonic development. Tissues exhibit emergent multicellular characteristics such as jamming, rigidity transitions, and glassy dynamics, but there remain questions about how those…

Biological Physics · Physics 2023-12-13 Evan Thomas , Sevan Hopyan

Predicting the large-amplitude deformations of thin elastic sheets is difficult due to the complications of self-contact, geometric nonlinearities, and a multitude of low-lying energy states. We study a simple two-dimensional setting where…

We examine the fracture mechanics of tearing graphene. We present a molecular dynamics simulation of the propagation of cracks in clamped, free-standing graphene as a function of the out-of-plane force. The geometry is motivated by…

Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics · Physics 2015-06-16 Maria J. B. Moura , Michael Marder

Curvature in biological membranes can be generated by a variety of different molecular mechanisms such as protein scaffolding, lipid or protein asymmetry, cytoskeletal forces, etc. These mechanisms have the net effect of generating stresses…

A rectangular thin elastic sheet is deformed by forcing a contact between two points at the middle of its length. A transition to buckling with stress focusing is reported for the sheets sufficiently narrow with a critical width…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2021-07-14 Thomas Barois , Ilyes Jalisse , Loïc Tadrist , Emmanuel Virot

Understanding and controlling the shape of thin, soft objects has been the focus of significant research efforts among physicists, biologists, and engineers in the last decade. These studies aim to utilize advanced materials in novel,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-02 Matteo Pezzulla , Steven A. Shillig , Paola Nardinocchi , Douglas P. Holmes

Thin elastic sheets appear in systems ranging from graphene to biological membranes, where phenomena such as wrinkling, folding, and thermal fluctuations originate from geometric nonlinearities. These effects are treated within weakly…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2025-12-04 Yael Cohen , Animesh Pandey , Yafei Zhang , Cy Maor , Michael Moshe

I reproduce, in the case of a conical geometry, the torque anomaly recently noted by Fulling, Mera and Trendafilova for the wedge. The expected conservation equation is obtained by a variational method and a mathematical cancellation of the…

High Energy Physics - Theory · Physics 2013-02-07 J. S. Dowker

Programming the non-uniform growth of a responsive polymer gel has emerged as a powerful tool to shape sheets into prescribed three dimensional shapes. We demonstrate that shapes with zero Gaussian curvature, except at singularities,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2014-10-29 N. P. Bende , R. C. Hayward , C. D. Santangelo

We establish the existence of a cusp in the curvature of a solid sheet at its contact with a liquid subphase. We study two configurations in floating sheets where the solid-vapor-liquid contact line is a straight line and a circle,…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2023-03-09 Deepak Kumar , Nuoya Zhou , Fabian Brau , Narayanan Menon , Benny Davidovitch

The growth of an elastic film adhered to a confining substrate might lead to the formation of delimitation blisters. Many results have been derived when the substrate is flat. The equilibrium shapes, beyond small deformations, are…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2015-06-18 Riccardo De Pascalis , Gaetano Napoli , Stefano S. Turzi

In this article we study the shape of a compact surface of constant mean curvature of Euclidean space whose boundary is contained in a round sphere. We consider the case that the boundary is prescribed or that the surface meets the sphere…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2014-10-22 Rafael López , Juncheol Pyo

We generalize the F\"{o}ppl-von K\'arm\'an equations to an initially precurved sheet and present the underlying derivation. A geometrically computed moment of strain replaces the notion of bending moment and results in a geometric…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 J. Leo van Hemmen , Mark A. Peterson

We survey structure-preserving discretizations of minimal surfaces in Euclidean space. Our focus is on a discretization defined via parallel face offsets of polyhedral surfaces, which naturally leads to a notion of vanishing mean curvature…

Differential Geometry · Mathematics 2026-04-14 Wai Yeung Lam , Masashi Yasumoto

We investigate the deformation of a longitudinally stretched rectangular sheet which is clamped at two opposite boundaries and free otherwise with experiments, numerical analysis and asymptotic analysis of the biharmonic elastic equation…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2018-07-31 Chopin Julien , Panaitescu Andreea , Kudrolli Arshad

We investigate impact of a sphere onto a floating elastic sheet and the resulting formation and evolution of wrinkles in the sheet. Following impact, we observe a radially propagating wave, beyond which the sheet remains approximately…

Soft Condensed Matter · Physics 2020-01-28 Doireann O'Kiely , Finn Box , Ousmane Kodio , Jonathan Whiteley , Dominic Vella

We study the roughness of randomly crumpled elastic sheets. Based on analytical and numerical calculations, we find that they are self affine with a roughness exponent equal to one. Such crumpling occurs {\it e.g.\/} when wet paper dries.…

Condensed Matter · Physics 2007-05-23 F. Tzschichholz , A. Hansen , S. Roux