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The chapter contains a detailed presentation of the surface integral theory for modelling light diffraction by surface-relief diffraction gratings having a one-dimensional periodicity. Several different approaches are presented, leading…
The R~300-1000 grating spectra from XMM-Newton and Chandra are a radical advance, allowing spectroscopic physics techniques to be applied to X-ray astronomy, revolutionizing a wide range of research. Ten years on these spectra will be…
Spectroscopic techniques are essential for studying material properties, but the small cross-sections of some methods may result in low signal-to-noise ratios (SNRs) in the collected spectra. In this article we present methods, based on…
Synthesizing a densely sampled light field from a single image is highly beneficial for many applications. The conventional method reconstructs a depth map and relies on physical-based rendering and a secondary network to improve the…
X-ray emission spectroscopy is a well-established technique used to study continuum lowering in dense plasmas. It relies on accurate atomic physics models to robustly reproduce high-resolution emission spectra, and depends on our ability to…
The diffraction contrast modalities accessible by X-ray grating interferometers are not imaged directly but have to be inferred from sine like signal variations occurring in a series of images acquired at varying relative positions of the…
One of the key tasks in grating based x-ray phase contrast imaging is to accurately retrieve local phase gradients of a sample from measured intensity fringe shifts. To fulfill this task in dual phase grating interferometry, one needs to…
Many current neural networks for medical imaging generalise poorly to data unseen during training. Such behaviour can be caused by networks overfitting easy-to-learn, or statistically dominant, features while disregarding other potentially…
Spectral deconvolution is essential for extracting peak structures that encode material properties and chemical structures, but conventional automated methods often fail when spectra contain high-intensity noise or unknown background…
Information multiplexing is important for biomedical imaging and chemical sensing. In this paper, we report a microscopy imaging technique, termed state-multiplexed Fourier ptychography (FP), for information multiplexing and coherent-state…
Graph alignment, the problem of identifying corresponding nodes across multiple graphs, is fundamental to numerous applications. Most existing unsupervised methods embed node features into latent representations to enable cross-graph…
Empowered by deep learning, recent methods for material capture can estimate a spatially-varying reflectance from a single photograph. Such lightweight capture is in stark contrast with the tens or hundreds of pictures required by…
Dark-field X-ray microscopy (DFXM) is a novel X-ray imaging technique developed at synchrotrons to image along the diffracted beam with a real space resolution of ~100 nm and reciprocal space resolution of $10^{-4}$. Recent implementations…
During production of malt from barley seeds, cell walls and starch granules in the endosperm are degraded. Although this modification process is important for malt quality, the modification patterns of individual barley seeds have yet to be…
We propose a new modeling approach for scatter estimation and descattering in polyenergetic X-ray computed tomography (CT) based on fitting models to local neighborhoods of a training set. X-ray CT is widely used in medical and industrial…
In this work, we propose a CNN-based approach to estimate the spectral reflectance of a surface and the spectral power distribution of the light from a single RGB image of a V-shaped surface. Interreflections happening in a concave surface…
The resolution limits of classical spectroscopy can be surpassed by quantum-inspired methods leveraging the information contained in the phase of the complex electromagnetic field. Their counterpart in spatial imaging has been widely…
A key contribution to X-ray dark-field (XDF) is X-ray diffusion by sample structures smaller than the imaging system's spatial resolution. However, some XDF techniques report that resolvable sample edges also generate XDF. Speckle-based…
Medical differential phase contrast x-ray imaging (DPCI) promises improved soft-tissue contrast at lower x-ray dose. The dose strongly depends on both the angular sensitivity and on the visibility of a grating-based Talbot-Lau…
We present a study of how to integrate color (RGB) and multi-spectral imagery (red, green, red-edge, and near-infrared) into the 3D Gaussian Splatting (3DGS) framework, a state-of-the-art explicit radiance-field-based method for fast and…