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Dark-field x-ray microscopy utilizes Bragg diffraction to collect full-field x-ray images of "mesoscale" structure of ordered materials. Information regarding the structural heterogeneities and their physical implications is gleaned through…
Dual energy CT (DECT) enhances tissue characterization because it can produce images of basis materials such as soft-tissue and bone. DECT is of great interest in applications to medical imaging, security inspection and nondestructive…
Optical interferometric imaging enables astronomical observation at extremely high angular resolution. The necessary optical information for imaging, such as the optical path differences and visibilities, is easy to extract from fringes…
Light interreflections occurring in a concave object generate a color gradient which is characteristic of the object's spectral reflectance. In this paper, we use this property in order to estimate the spectral reflectance of matte,…
A new technique is presented for producing images from interferometric data. The method, ``smear fitting'', makes the constraints necessary for interferometric imaging double as a model, with uncertainties, of the sky brightness…
Self-supervised monocular depth estimation serves as a key task in the development of endoscopic navigation systems. However, performance degradation persists due to uneven illumination inherent in endoscopic images, particularly in…
We present a new method, called "forced-spectrum fitting", for physically-based spectral modelling of radio sources during deconvolution. This improves upon current common deconvolution fitting methods, which often produce inaccurate…
Dual-energy CT (DECT) has been increasingly used in imaging applications because of its capability for material differentiation. However, material decomposition suffers from magnified noise from two CT images of independent scans, leading…
Fluorescence lifetime imaging microscopy (FLIM) is a well-established technique with numerous imaging applications. Yet, one of the limitations of FLIM is that it provides information about the emitting state only. Here, we present an…
Dual-energy X-ray tomography is considered in a context where the target under imaging consists of two distinct materials. The materials are assumed to be possibly intertwined in space, but at any given location there is only one material…
Interferometry provides one of the possible routes to ultra-high angular resolution for X-ray and gamma-ray astronomy. Sub-micro-arc-second angular resolution, necessary to achieve objectives such as imaging the regions around the event…
With the development of modern radio interferometers, wide-field continuum surveys have been planned and undertaken, for which accurate wide-field imaging methods are essential. Based on the widely-used W-stacking method, we propose a new…
We present a new technique for determining the *quantity and composition* of dust in astrophysical environments using <6keV X-rays. We argue that high resolution X-ray spectra as enabled by the Chandra and XMM-Newton gratings should be…
Extending our prior work, we propose a multi-energy X-ray measurement model incorporating material variability with energy correlations to enable the analysis and exploration of the performance of X-ray imaging and sensing systems. Based on…
Flatbed scanners have emerged as promising devices for high-resolution, single-image material capture. However, existing approaches assume very specific conditions, such as uniform diffuse illumination, which are only available in certain…
Purpose: Spectral imaging is a method in medical x-ray imaging to extract information about the object constituents by the material-specific energy dependence of x-ray attenuation. The authors have investigated a photon-counting spectral…
X-ray diffraction gratings play an essential role in high-resolution spectroscopy of astrophysical phenomena. We present some scientific highlights from the X-ray grating spectrometers (XGS) on board of the Chandra and XMM/Newton missions,…
X-ray phase-contrast imaging has experienced rapid development over the last few decades, and in this technology, the phase modulation strategy of phase-stepping is used most widely to measure the sample's phase signal. However, because of…
Hyperspectral images provide much more information than conventional imaging techniques, allowing a precise identification of the materials in the observed scene, but because of the limited spatial resolution, the observations are usually…
In clinical CT system, the x-ray tube emits polychromatic x-rays, and the x-ray detectors operate in the current-integrating mode. This physical process is accurately described by an energy-dependent non-linear integral equation. However,…