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In situations where forecasters are scored on the quality of their probabilistic predictions, it is standard to use `proper' scoring rules to perform such scoring. These rules are desirable because they give forecasters no incentive to lie…

Methodology · Statistics 2020-08-25 Spencer Greenberg

The positivity assumption, or the experimental treatment assignment (ETA) assumption, is important for identifiability in causal inference. Even if the positivity assumption holds, practical violations of this assumption may jeopardize the…

Methodology · Statistics 2017-07-20 Cheng Ju , Joshua Schwab , Mark J. van der Laan

Peer prediction mechanisms incentivize agents to truthfully report their signals even in the absence of verification by comparing agents' reports with those of their peers. In the detail-free multi-task setting, agents respond to multiple…

Computer Science and Game Theory · Computer Science 2021-08-27 Grant Schoenebeck , Fang-Yi Yu

We study a new version of the Traveling Salesperson Problem, called \VectorTSP, where the traveler is subject to discrete acceleration constraints, as defined in the paper-and-pencil game Racetrack (also known as Vector Racer). In this…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2025-02-12 Arnaud Casteigts , Mathieu Raffinot , Mikhail Raskin , Jason Schoeters

Sequential labeling is a task predicting labels for each token in a sequence, such as Named Entity Recognition (NER). NER tasks aim to extract entities and predict their labels given a text, which is important in information extraction.…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-06-06 Jianfeng He , Linlin Yu , Shuo Lei , Chang-Tien Lu , Feng Chen

Prior-weighted logistic regression has become a standard tool for calibration in speaker recognition. Logistic regression is the optimization of the expected value of the logarithmic scoring rule. We generalize this via a parametric family…

Machine Learning · Statistics 2013-07-31 Niko Brümmer , George Doddington

Recent advances in reinforcement learning from human feedback (RLHF) and preference optimization have substantially improved the usability, coherence, and safety of large language models. However, recurring behaviors such as performative…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-13 William Parris

We study how to utilize (possibly erroneous) predictions in a model for computing under uncertainty in which an algorithm can query unknown data. Our aim is to minimize the number of queries needed to solve the minimum spanning tree…

Data Structures and Algorithms · Computer Science 2022-07-01 Thomas Erlebach , Murilo Santos de Lima , Nicole Megow , Jens Schlöter

We consider the problem of evaluating forecasts of binary events whose predictions are consumed by rational agents who take an action in response to a prediction, but whose utility is unknown to the forecaster. We show that optimizing…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2023-07-04 Robert Kleinberg , Renato Paes Leme , Jon Schneider , Yifeng Teng

Early time series classification (eTSC) is the problem of classifying a time series after as few measurements as possible with the highest possible accuracy. The most critical issue of any eTSC method is to decide when enough data of a time…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-08-19 P. Schäfer , U. Leser

The quality of probabilistic forecasts is crucial for decision-making under uncertainty. While proper scoring rules incentivize truthful reporting of precise forecasts, they fall short when forecasters face epistemic uncertainty about their…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-07-18 Anurag Singh , Siu Lun Chau , Krikamol Muandet

The goal of unbiased learning to rank (ULTR) is to leverage implicit user feedback for optimizing learning-to-rank systems. Among existing solutions, automatic ULTR algorithms that jointly learn user bias models (i.e., propensity models)…

Information Retrieval · Computer Science 2023-07-11 Dan Luo , Lixin Zou , Qingyao Ai , Zhiyu Chen , Chenliang Li , Dawei Yin , Brian D. Davison

In many real-world problems, predictions are leveraged to monitor and control cyber-physical systems, demanding guarantees on the satisfaction of reliability and safety requirements. However, predictions are inherently uncertain, and…

Information Theory · Computer Science 2023-10-17 Matteo Zecchin , Sangwoo Park , Osvaldo Simeone

A recent line of research on automated speaking assessment (ASA) has benefited from self-supervised learning (SSL) representations, which capture rich acoustic and linguistic patterns in non-native speech without underlying assumptions of…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-09-23 Tien-Hong Lo , Szu-Yu Chen , Yao-Ting Sung , Berlin Chen

Rule set learning has long been studied and has recently been frequently revisited due to the need for interpretable models. Still, existing methods have several shortcomings: 1) most recent methods require a binary feature matrix as input,…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2022-07-19 Lincen Yang , Matthijs van Leeuwen

Robust pedestrian trajectory forecasting is crucial to developing safe autonomous vehicles. Although previous works have studied adversarial robustness in the context of trajectory forecasting, some significant issues remain unaddressed. In…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2023-08-14 Liang Zhang , Nathaniel Xu , Pengfei Yang , Gaojie Jin , Cheng-Chao Huang , Lijun Zhang

Many forecasts consist not of point predictions but concern the evolution of quantities. For example, a central bank might predict the interest rates during the next quarter, an epidemiologist might predict trajectories of infection rates,…

Methodology · Statistics 2021-11-12 Patric Bonnier , Harald Oberhauser

When eliciting forecasts from a group of experts, it is important to reward predictions so that market participants are incentivized to tell the truth. Existing mechanisms partially accomplish this but remain susceptible to groups of…

Theoretical Economics · Economics 2024-11-26 Jack Edwards

Tabular foundation models such as TabPFN and TabICL already produce full predictive distributions, yet prevailing regression benchmarks evaluate them almost exclusively via point-estimate metrics (RMSE, $R^2$). This discards precisely the…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2026-05-05 Jonas Landsgesell , Pascal Knoll , Tizian Wenzel

Machine learning classification tasks often benefit from predicting a set of possible labels with confidence scores to capture uncertainty. However, existing methods struggle with the high-dimensional nature of the data and the lack of…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2024-07-08 Rui Luo , Zhixin Zhou