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Phylogenetic networks are becoming increasingly popular in phylogenetics since they have the ability to describe a wider range of evolutionary events than their tree counterparts. In this paper, we study Markov models on phylogenetic…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2017-06-12 Elizabeth Gross , Colby Long

Null models of binary phylogenetic trees are useful for testing hypotheses on real world phylogenies. In this paper we consider phylogenies as binary trees without edge lengths together with a sampling measure and encode them as algebraic…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-06-17 Josué Nussbaumer , Anita Winter

Phylogenetic networks extend phylogenetic trees to model non-vertical inheritance, by which a lineage inherits material from multiple parents. The computational complexity of estimating phylogenetic networks from genome-wide data with…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-06-28 Jingcheng Xu , Cécile Ané

Phylogenetic networks describe the evolution of a set of taxa for which reticulate events have occurred at some point in their evolutionary history. Of particular interest is when the evolutionary history between a set of just three taxa…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2024-09-27 Shelby Cox , Elizabeth Gross , Samuel Martin

Phylogenetic networks are increasingly used in evolutionary biology to represent the history of species that have undergone reticulate events such as horizontal gene transfer, hybrid speciation and recombination. One of the most fundamental…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2016-10-07 Philippe Gambette , Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk , Fabio Pardi , Celine Scornavacca

Phylogenetic networks are used to represent the evolutionary history of species. They are versatile when compared to traditional phylogenetic trees, as they capture more complex evolutionary events such as hybridization and horizontal gene…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2023-05-18 Shunsuke Maeda , Yusuke Kaneko , Hideaki Muramatsu , Yukihiro Murakami , Momoko Hayamizu

The displayed tree phylogenetic network model is shown to sit as a natural submodel of the graphical model associated to a directed acyclic graph (DAG). This representation allows to derive a number of results about the displayed tree…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-01 Seth Sullivant

Tree-based phylogenetic networks, which may be roughly defined as leaf-labeled networks built by adding arcs only between the original tree edges, have elegant properties for modeling evolutionary histories. We answer an open question of…

Given a finite set $X$, a collection $\mathcal{T}$ of rooted phylogenetic trees on $X$ and an integer $k$, the Hybridization Number problem asks if there exists a phylogenetic network on $X$ that displays all trees from $\mathcal{T}$ and…

Discrete Mathematics · Computer Science 2016-03-23 Leo van Iersel , Steven Kelk , Celine Scornavacca

Phylogenetic networks are generalizations of phylogenetic trees that allow the representation of reticulation events such as horizontal gene transfer or hybridization, and can also represent uncertainty in inference. A subclass of these,…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2019-10-15 Mareike Fischer , Andrew Francis

Phylogenetic networks are a generalization of phylogenetic trees that are used in biology to represent reticulate or non-treelike evolution. Recently, several algorithms have been developed which aim to construct phylogenetic networks from…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2011-10-05 K. T. Huber , V. Moulton

Phylogenetic networks can represent evolutionary events that cannot be described by phylogenetic trees. These networks are able to incorporate reticulate evolutionary events such as hybridization, introgression, and lateral gene transfer.…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2021-07-08 Elizabeth Gross , Leo van Iersel , Remie Janssen , Mark Jones , Colby Long , Yukihiro Murakami

Phylogenetic networks are a type of leaf-labelled, acyclic, directed graph used by biologists to represent the evolutionary history of species whose past includes reticulation events. A phylogenetic network is tree-child if each non-leaf…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-11-27 Magnus Bordewich , Katharina T Huber , Vincent Moulton , Charles Semple

An important problem in evolutionary biology is to reconstruct the evolutionary history of a set $X$ of species. This history is often represented as a phylogenetic network, that is, a connected graph with leaves labelled by elements in $X$…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2017-02-01 Leo van Iersel , Vincent Moulton

Unrooted phylogenetic networks are graphs used to represent evolutionary relationships. Accurately reconstructing such networks is of great relevance for evolutionary biology. It has recently been conjectured that all phylogenetic networks…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2021-01-01 Péter L. Erdős , Leo van Iersel , Mark Jones

A phylogenetic network is a simplex (or 1-component tree-child) network if the child of every reticulation node is a network leaf. Simplex networks are a superclass of phylogenetic trees and a subclass of tree-child networks. Generalizing…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2022-01-03 Louxin Zhang

In mathematical phylogenetics, evolutionary relationships are often represented by trees and networks. The latter are typically used whenever the relationships cannot be adequately described by a tree, which happens when so-called…

Populations and Evolution · Quantitative Biology 2025-12-05 Mirko Wilde , Mareike Fischer

Phylogenetic networks are a special type of graph which generalize phylogenetic trees and that are used to model non-treelike evolutionary processes such as recombination and hybridization. In this paper, we consider {\em unrooted}…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2025-05-21 Katharina T. Huber , Simone Linz , Vincent Moulton

Rooted phylogenetic networks provide a more complete representation of the ancestral relationship between species than phylogenetic trees when reticulate evolutionary processes are at play. One way to reconstruct a phylogenetic network is…

Combinatorics · Mathematics 2020-12-02 Allan Bai , Peter Erdos , Charles Semple , Mike Steel

The planted bisection model is a random graph model in which the nodes are divided into two equal-sized communities and then edges are added randomly in a way that depends on the community membership. We establish necessary and sufficient…

Probability · Mathematics 2020-07-14 Elchanan Mossel , Joe Neeman , Allan Sly