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Pathology is practiced by visual inspection of histochemically stained slides. Most commonly, the hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) stain is used in the diagnostic workflow and it is the gold standard for cancer diagnosis. However, in many cases,…

Histopathology image analysis is fundamental to digital pathology, with hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining as the gold standard for diagnostic and prognostic assessments. While H&E imaging effectively highlights cellular and tissue…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-18 Yao Du , Jiaxin Zhuang , Xiaoyu Zheng , Jing Cong , Limei Guo , Chao He , Lin Luo , Xiaomeng Li

Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining provides crucial molecular characterization of tissue samples and plays an indispensable role in the clinical examination and diagnosis of cancers. However, compared with the commonly used Hematoxylin and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-01-07 Mingzhou Jiang , Jiaying Zhou , Nan Zeng , Mickael Li , Qijie Tang , Chao He , Huazhu Fu , Honghui He

Histological images are critical in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers. Unfortunately, the current method for capturing these microscopy images require resource intensive tissue preparation that delays diagnosis for many days to a few…

Histopathological visualizations are a pillar of modern medicine and biological research. Surgical oncology relies exclusively on post-operative histology to determine definitive surgical success and guide adjuvant treatments. The current…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2022-04-04 Marian Boktor , Benjamin Ecclestone , Vlad Pekar , Deepak Dinakaran , John R. Mackey , Paul Fieguth , Parsin Haji Reza

Histopathological diagnoses of tumors in tissue biopsy after Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) staining is the gold standard for oncology care. H&E staining is slow and uses dyes, reagents and precious tissue samples that cannot be reused.…

While multiplex immunofluorescence (mIF) imaging provides deep, spatially-resolved molecular data, integrating this information with the morphological standard of Hematoxylin & Eosin (H&E) can be very important for obtaining complementary…

Quantitative Methods · Quantitative Biology 2025-08-08 Jillur Rahman Saurav , Mohammad Sadegh Nasr , Jacob M. Luber

Histopathological cancer diagnosis is based on visual examination of stained tissue slides. Hematoxylin and eosin (H\&E) is a standard stain routinely employed worldwide. It is easy to acquire and cost effective, but cells and tissue…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-07-12 Zhaoyang Xu , Xingru Huang , Carlos Fernández Moro , Béla Bozóky , Qianni Zhang

With the rapid development of digital pathology, virtual staining has become a key technology in multimedia medical information systems, offering new possibilities for the analysis and diagnosis of pathological images. However, existing…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-06-10 Hao Yang , JianYu Wu , Run Fang , Xuelian Zhao , Yuan Ji , Zhiyu Chen , Guibin He , Junceng Guo , Yang Liu , Xinhua Zeng

Histochemical staining is essential for visualizing tissue architecture and cellular morphology but is destructive and limited by the availability of tissue for multiple stains. Virtual staining with label-free microscopy offers a…

We propose a virtual staining methodology based on Generative Adversarial Networks to map histopathology images of breast cancer tissue from H&E stain to PHH3 and vice versa. We use the resulting synthetic images to build Convolutional…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2020-03-18 Caner Mercan , Germonda Reijnen-Mooij , David Tellez Martin , Johannes Lotz , Nick Weiss , Marcel van Gerven , Francesco Ciompi

In recent years, the integration of advanced imaging techniques and deep learning methods has significantly advanced computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) systems for breast cancer detection and classification. Transformers, which have shown great…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-07-22 Mahtab Ranjbar , Mehdi Mohebbi , Mahdi Cherakhloo , Bijan Vosoughi. Vahdat

Virtual staining leverages computer-aided techniques to transfer the style of histochemically stained tissue samples to other staining types. In virtual staining of pathological images, maintaining strict structural consistency is crucial,…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-12-17 Bing Xiong , Yue Peng , RanRan Zhang , Fuqiang Chen , JiaYe He , Wenjian Qin

Manual counting of mitotic tumor cells in tissue sections constitutes one of the strongest prognostic markers for breast cancer. This procedure, however, is time-consuming and error-prone. We developed a method to automatically detect…

Holographic Tomography (HT) or Optical Diffraction Tomography (ODT) provides slice-by-slice information about the refractive index (RI) of three-dimensional (3D) samples and is emerging as an important label-free imaging modality for Life…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-04-22 N Goyal , K Khare

Compared to hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) staining, immunohistochemistry (IHC) not only maintains the structural features of tissue samples, but also provides high-resolution protein localization, which is essential for aiding in pathology…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yuhang Kang , Ziyu Su , Tianyang Wang , Zaibo Li , Wei Chen , Muhammad Khalid Khan Niazi

Generative AI has received substantial attention in recent years due to its ability to synthesize data that closely resembles the original data source. While Generative Adversarial Networks (GANs) have provided innovative approaches for…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-04-04 Xuan Xu , Saarthak Kapse , Rajarsi Gupta , Prateek Prasanna

Breast cancer is a health problem that affects mainly the female population. An early detection increases the chances of effective treatment, improving the prognosis of the disease. In this regard, computational tools have been proposed to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-03-01 Steve Tsham Mpinda Ataky , Alessandro Lameiras Koerich

We propose UTS, a unit-based tissue segmentation framework for histopathology that classifies each fixed-size 32 * 32 tile, rather than each pixel, as the segmentation unit. This approach reduces annotation effort and improves computational…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-11-05 Ashkan Shakarami , Azade Farshad , Yousef Yeganeh , Lorenzo Nicole , Peter Schüffler , Stefano Ghidoni , Nassir Navab

Breast cancer is a highly fatal disease among cancers in women, and early detection is crucial for treatment. HER2 status, a valuable diagnostic marker based on Immunohistochemistry (IHC) staining, is instrumental in determining breast…

Image and Video Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2024-09-04 Linda Wei , Shengyi Hua , Shaoting Zhang , Xiaofan Zhang