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The majority of voice-based conversational agents still rely on pause-and-respond turn-taking, leaving interactions sounding stiff and robotic. We present RESPOND (Responsive Engagement Strategy for Predictive Orchestration and Dialogue), a…

Human-Computer Interaction · Computer Science 2026-03-31 Meng-Chen Lee , Costas Panay , Javier Hernandez , Sean Andrist , Dan Bohus , Anatoly Churikov , Andrew D. Wilson

Current large language models (LLMs) and spoken language models (SLMs) begin thinking and taking actions only after the user has finished their turn. This prevents the model from interacting during the user's turn and can lead to high…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-10-21 Cheng-Han Chiang , Xiaofei Wang , Linjie Li , Chung-Ching Lin , Kevin Lin , Shujie Liu , Zhendong Wang , Zhengyuan Yang , Hung-yi Lee , Lijuan Wang

Achieving full-duplex communication in spoken dialogue systems (SDS) requires real-time coordination between listening, speaking, and thinking. This paper proposes a semantic voice activity detection (VAD) module as a dialogue manager (DM)…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-02-26 Hao Zhang , Weiwei Li , Rilin Chen , Vinay Kothapally , Meng Yu , Dong Yu

Full-duplex spoken dialogue systems (FDSDS) enable more natural human-machine interactions by allowing real-time user interruptions and backchanneling, compared to traditional SDS that rely on turn-taking. However, existing benchmarks lack…

Audio and Speech Processing · Electrical Eng. & Systems 2025-07-28 Yizhou Peng , Yi-Wen Chao , Dianwen Ng , Yukun Ma , Chongjia Ni , Bin Ma , Eng Siong Chng

As spoken dialogue systems expand beyond traditional assistant roles to encompass diverse personas -- such as authoritative instructors, uncooperative merchants, or distracted workers -- they require distinct, human-like turn-taking…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-08 Hyunbae Jeon , Jinho D. Choi

Full-duplex voice interaction allows users and agents to speak simultaneously with controllable barge-in, enabling lifelike assistants and customer service. Existing solutions are either end-to-end, difficult to design and hard to control,…

Conversational assistants are increasingly popular across diverse real-world applications, highlighting the need for advanced multimodal speech modeling. Speech, as a natural mode of communication, encodes rich user-specific characteristics…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-12-23 Maximillian Chen , Ruoxi Sun , Sercan Ö. Arık

Full-duplex, spontaneous conversational data are essential for enhancing the naturalness and interactivity of synthesized speech in conversational TTS systems. We present two open-source dual-track conversational speech datasets, one in…

Sound · Computer Science 2025-09-05 Zhitong Zhou , Qingqing Zhang , Lei Luo , Jiechen Liu , Ruohua Zhou

In recent years, audio-driven 3D facial animation has gained significant attention, particularly in applications such as virtual reality, gaming, and video conferencing. However, accurately modeling the intricate and subtle dynamics of…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-11-14 Guinan Su , Yanwu Yang , Zhifeng Li

Full-duplex voice interaction is crucial for natural human computer interaction. We present a framework that decomposes complex dialogue into minimal conversational units, enabling the system to process each unit independently and predict…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-01-30 Haoyuan Yu , Yuxuan Chen , Minjie Cai

Recent efforts in Spoken Dialogue Modeling aim to synthesize spoken dialogue without the need for direct transcription, thereby preserving the wealth of non-textual information inherent in speech. However, this approach faces a challenge…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2024-07-03 Yu-Kuan Fu , Cheng-Kuang Lee , Hsiu-Hsuan Wang , Hung-yi Lee

In this work, we present CollabVLA, a self-reflective vision-language-action framework that transforms a standard visuomotor policy into a collaborative assistant. CollabVLA tackles key limitations of prior VLAs, including domain…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-09-19 Nan Sun , Yongchang Li , Chenxu Wang , Huiying Li , Huaping Liu

Real-time duplex interaction is essential for multimodal AI systems operating in real-world scenarios, where models must continuously process streaming inputs and respond at appropriate moments. However, most existing multimodal large…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-19 Chaoqun He , Mingyang Xiang , Yingjing Xu , Bokai Xu , Junbo Cui , Jie Zhou , Yuan Yao , Lijie Wen

Speech-to-speech language models have recently emerged to enhance the naturalness of conversational AI. In particular, full-duplex models are distinguished by their real-time interactivity, including handling of pauses, interruptions, and…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-13 Chung-Ming Chien , Manu Orsini , Eugene Kharitonov , Neil Zeghidour , Karen Livescu , Alexandre Défossez

Real-time Spoken Language Models (SLMs) struggle to leverage Chain-of-Thought (CoT) reasoning due to the prohibitive latency of generating the entire thought process sequentially. Enabling SLMs to think while speaking, similar to humans, is…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-05-12 Donghang Wu , Haoyang Zhang , Jun Chen , Xiangyu , Zhang , Hexin Liu , Eng Siong Chng , Fei Tian , Xuerui Yang , Xiangyu Zhang , Daxin Jiang , Gang Yu

Full-Duplex Speech Dialogue Systems (Full-Duplex SDS) have significantly enhanced the naturalness of human-machine interaction by enabling real-time bidirectional communication. However, existing approaches face challenges such as…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-05-30 Borui Liao , Yulong Xu , Jiao Ou , Kaiyuan Yang , Weihua Jian , Pengfei Wan , Di Zhang

Significant progress has been made in vision-language models. However, language-conditioned robotic manipulation for contact-rich tasks remains underexplored, particularly in terms of tactile sensing. To address this gap, we introduce the…

Robotics · Computer Science 2025-03-12 Peng Hao , Chaofan Zhang , Dingzhe Li , Xiaoge Cao , Xiaoshuai Hao , Shaowei Cui , Shuo Wang

Despite recent advances, efficient and robust turn-taking detection remains a significant challenge in industrial-grade Voice AI agent deployments. Many existing systems rely solely on acoustic or semantic cues, leading to suboptimal…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2026-03-30 Guangzhao Yang , Yu Pan , Shi Qiu , Ningjie Bai

Large vision and language models show strong performance in tasks like image captioning, visual question answering, and retrieval. However, challenges remain in integrating speech, text, and vision into a unified model, especially for…

Multimedia · Computer Science 2025-07-08 Ngoc Dung Huynh , Mohamed Reda Bouadjenek , Imran Razzak , Hakim Hacid , Sunil Aryal

Vision-Language-Action (VLA) models have emerged as a unified paradigm for robotic perception and control, enabling emergent generalization and long-horizon task execution. However, their deployment in dynamic, real-world environments is…

Artificial Intelligence · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Yuntao Dai , Hang Gu , Teng Wang , Qianyu Cheng , Yifei Zheng , Zhiyong Qiu , Lei Gong , Wenqi Lou , Xuehai Zhou