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Recent advancements in reasoning capability of Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) demonstrate its effectiveness in tackling complex visual tasks. However, existing MLLM-based Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) methods remain limited to…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-05-27 Chao Huang , Benfeng Wang , Jie Wen , Chengliang Liu , Wei Wang , Li Shen , Xiaochun Cao

Visual anomaly detection is a strongly application-driven field of research. Consequently, the connection between academia and industry is of paramount importance. In this regard, we present the VAND 3.0 Challenge to showcase current…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-09-23 Lars Heckler-Kram , Ashwin Vaidya , Jan-Hendrik Neudeck , Ulla Scheler , Dick Ameln , Samet Akcay , Paula Ramos

Semantic segmentation networks have achieved significant success under the assumption of independent and identically distributed data. However, these networks often struggle to detect anomalies from unknown semantic classes due to the…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-27 Liangyu Zhong , Joachim Sicking , Fabian Hüger , Hanno Gottschalk

Anomaly detection is critically important for intelligent surveillance systems to detect in a timely manner any malicious activities. Many video anomaly detection approaches using deep learning methods focus on a single camera video stream…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-10-07 Chongke Wu , Sicong Shao , Cihan Tunc , Salim Hariri

Despite the prevailing transition from single-task to multi-task approaches in video anomaly detection, we observe that many adopt sub-optimal frameworks for individual proxy tasks. Motivated by this, we contend that optimizing single-task…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-04-22 Guodong Shen , Yuqi Ouyang , Junru Lu , Yixuan Yang , Victor Sanchez

Videos represent the primary source of information for surveillance applications and are available in large amounts but in most cases contain little or no annotation for supervised learning. This article reviews the state-of-the-art deep…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2018-01-31 B Ravi Kiran , Dilip Mathew Thomas , Ranjith Parakkal

Progress in video anomaly detection research is currently slowed by small datasets that lack a wide variety of activities as well as flawed evaluation criteria. This paper aims to help move this research effort forward by introducing a…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2020-01-27 Bharathkumar Ramachandra , Michael Jones

Anomalies represent deviations from the intended system operation and can lead to decreased efficiency as well as partial or complete system failure. As the causes of anomalies are often unknown due to complex system dynamics, efficient…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2021-08-31 Benjamin Lindemann , Benjamin Maschler , Nada Sahlab , Michael Weyrich

Video anomaly detection is a challenging task because most anomalies are scarce and non-deterministic. Many approaches investigate the reconstruction difference between normal and abnormal patterns, but neglect that anomalies do not…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-06-28 Guodong Shen , Yuqi Ouyang , Victor Sanchez

Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) aims to locate events that deviate from normal patterns in videos. Traditional approaches often rely on extensive labeled data and incur high computational costs. Recent tuning-free methods based on Multimodal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-12-24 Zhaolin Cai , Fan Li , Ziwei Zheng , Haixia Bi , Lijun He

How far are deep models from real-world video anomaly understanding (VAU)? Current works typically emphasize on detecting unexpected occurrences deviated from normal patterns or comprehending anomalous events with interpretable…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-04 Yating Yu , Congqi Cao , Zhaoying Wang , Weihua Meng , Jie Li , Yuxin Li , Zihao Wei , Zhongpei Shen , Jiajun Zhang

Pre-trained Vision-Language Models (VLMs) exhibit strong generalization capabilities, enabling them to recognize a wide range of objects across diverse domains without additional training. However, they often retain irrelevant information…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2025-10-10 Kodai Kawamura , Yuta Goto , Rintaro Yanagi , Hirokatsu Kataoka , Go Irie

Pre-trained vision-language models (VLMs) are highly adaptable to various downstream tasks through few-shot learning, making prompt-based anomaly detection a promising approach. Traditional methods depend on human-crafted prompts that…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2024-09-12 Pi-Wei Chen , Jerry Chun-Wei Lin , Jia Ji , Feng-Hao Yeh , Zih-Ching Chen , Chao-Chun Chen

Social media's global reach amplifies the spread of information, highlighting the need for robust Natural Language Processing tasks like stance detection across languages and modalities. Prior research predominantly focuses on text-only…

Computation and Language · Computer Science 2025-01-30 Jake Vasilakes , Carolina Scarton , Zhixue Zhao

Video anomaly detection aims to discover abnormal events in videos, and the principal objects are target objects such as people and vehicles. Each target in the video data has rich spatio-temporal context information. Most existing methods…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-23 Chao Hu , Weibin Qiu , Weijie Wu , Liqiang Zhu

Video anomaly detection (VAD) addresses the problem of automatically finding anomalous events in video data. The primary data modalities on which current VAD systems work on are monochrome or RGB images. Using depth data in this context…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-04-13 Pascal Schneider , Jason Rambach , Bruno Mirbach , Didier Stricker

With a focus on abnormal events contained within untrimmed videos, there is increasing interest among researchers in video anomaly detection. Among different video anomaly detection scenarios, weakly-supervised video anomaly detection poses…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2023-09-29 Yidan Fan , Yongxin Yu , Wenhuan Lu , Yahong Han

We introduce Text-based Explainable Video Anomaly Detection (TbVAD), a language-driven framework for weakly supervised video anomaly detection that performs anomaly detection and explanation entirely within the textual domain. Unlike…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2025-11-12 Hari Lee

Video anomaly detection (VAD) remains a challenging task in the pattern recognition community due to the ambiguity and diversity of abnormal events. Existing deep learning-based VAD methods usually leverage proxy tasks to learn the normal…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2022-11-03 Mengyang Zhao , Yang Liu , Jing Li , Xinhua Zeng

Vision-language models (VLMs) have shown strong performance in video anomaly detection (VAD) while providing interpretable predictions. However, existing VLM-based VAD methods suffer from a fundamental mismatch between training and…

Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition · Computer Science 2026-05-18 Darryl Cherian Jacob , Xinyu Liu , Kai Wang , Pan He