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The ability to connect distant qubits plays a fundamental role in quantum computing. Therefore, quantum systems candidates for quantum computation must be able to interact all their constituent qubits. Here, we model the quantum dot spin…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2022-10-26 Iann Cunha , Leonardo Kleber Castelano

We develop a qubit routing algorithm with polynomial classical run time for the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm (QAOA). The algorithm follows a two step process. First, it obtains a near-optimal solution, based on Vizing's…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-12-27 Ayse Kotil , Fedor Simkovic , Martin Leib

Near-term quantum computers will operate in a noisy environment, without error correction. A critical problem for near-term quantum computing is laying out a logical circuit onto a physical device with limited connectivity between qubits.…

Hardware Architecture · Computer Science 2022-08-30 Abtin Molavi , Amanda Xu , Martin Diges , Lauren Pick , Swamit Tannu , Aws Albarghouthi

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is a fundamental combinatorial optimization challenge with broad applications in logistics and transportation. In this work, we present a quantum-assisted framework that integrates the Quantum Approximate…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-01-28 Talha Azfar , Osama Muhammad Raisuddin , Ruimin Ke , Jose Holguin-Veras

Reinforcement Learning algorithms have recently been proposed to learn time-sequential control policies in the field of autonomous driving. Direct applications of Reinforcement Learning algorithms with discrete action space will yield…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-12-03 Pin Wang , Hanhan Li , Ching-Yao Chan

The construction of robust and scalable quantum gates is a uniquely hard problem in the field of quantum computing. Real-world quantum computers suffer from many forms of noise, characterized by the decoherence and relaxation times of a…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-07-14 Diego Fuentealba , Jack Dahn , James Steck , Elizabeth Behrman

The quantum internet holds transformative potential for global communication by harnessing the principles of quantum information processing. Despite significant advancements in quantum communication technologies, the efficient distribution…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-03-06 Lamarana Jallow , Majid Iqbal Khan

Quantum algorithms on near-term quantum processors are typically executed using shallow quantum circuits composed of one- and two-qubit gates. However, as circuit depth and gate number increase, gate imperfections and qubit decoherence…

Many quantum computers have constraints regarding which two-qubit operations are locally allowed. To run a quantum circuit under those constraints, qubits need to be mapped to different quantum registers, and multi-qubit gates need to be…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-11-16 Arianne Meijer-van de Griend , Sarah Meng Li

The limited qubit connectivity of quantum processors poses a significant challenge in deploying practical algorithms and logical gates, necessitating efficient qubit mapping and routing strategies. When implementing a gate that requires…

Global routing has been a historically challenging problem in electronic circuit design, where the challenge is to connect a large and arbitrary number of circuit components with wires without violating the design rules for the printed…

Machine Learning · Computer Science 2019-06-24 Haiguang Liao , Wentai Zhang , Xuliang Dong , Barnabas Poczos , Kenji Shimada , Levent Burak Kara

To evaluate a quantum circuit on a quantum processor, one must find a mapping from circuit qubits to processor qubits and plan the instruction execution while satisfying the processor's constraints. This is known as the qubit mapping and…

Programming Languages · Computer Science 2026-01-22 Abtin Molavi , Amanda Xu , Ethan Cecchetti , Swamit Tannu , Aws Albarghouthi

Quantum networks are becoming increasingly important because of advancements in quantum computing and quantum sensing, such as recent developments in distributed quantum computing and federated quantum machine learning. Routing entanglement…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2026-04-13 Tobias Meuser , Jannis Weil , Aninda Lahiri , Marius Paraschiv

Quantum routers (QRouters) are essential components of bucket-brigade quantum random access memory (QRAM), enabling quantum applications such as Grover's search and quantum machine learning. Despite significant theoretical advances,…

Quantum Key Distribution (QKD) networks harness the principles of quantum physics in order to securely transmit cryptographic key material, providing physical guarantees. These networks require traditional management and operational…

Networking and Internet Architecture · Computer Science 2026-01-28 Jorge López , Charalampos Chatzinakis , Marc Cartigny

In this work we propose a high-quality decomposition approach for qubit routing by swap insertion. This optimization problem arises in the context of compiling quantum algorithms onto specific quantum hardware. Our approach decomposes the…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2023-05-15 Friedrich Wagner , Andreas Bärmann , Frauke Liers , Markus Weissenbäck

The Quadratic Assignment Problem (QAP) is one of the models used for the multi-row layout problem with facilities of equal area. There are a set of n facilities and a set of n locations. For each pair of locations, a distance is specified…

Neural and Evolutionary Computing · Computer Science 2014-05-21 Hosein Azarbonyad , Reza Babazadeh

The Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) is an example of a combinatorial optimization problem that has attracted academic attention due to its potential use in various contexts. VRP aims to arrange vehicle deliveries to several sites in the most…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-08 Nishikanta Mohanty , Bikash K. Behera , Christopher Ferrie

In order to achieve speedup over conventional classical computing for finding solution of computationally hard problems, quantum computing was introduced. Quantum algorithms can be simulated in a pseudo quantum environment, but…

Emerging Technologies · Computer Science 2020-07-15 Mrityunjay Ghosh , Nivedita Dey , Debdeep Mitra , Amlan Chakrabarti

The vehicle routing problem (VRP) is an NP-hard optimization problem that has been an interest of research for decades in science and industry. The objective is to plan routes of vehicles to deliver goods to a fixed number of customers with…

Quantum Physics · Physics 2025-05-08 Nishikanta Mohanty , Bikash K. Behera , Christopher Ferrie